舞蹈活动对老年人负性情绪康复效果的系统综述

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2021.06.007

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2021, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (6): 668-676.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2021.06.007

舞蹈活动对老年人负性情绪康复效果的系统综述

陈婷婷¹,许明超³,温柔²()

^1.北京舞蹈学院，教育学院，北京市 100081
^2.北京舞蹈学院，人文学院，北京市 100081
^3.首都体育学院研究生院，北京市 100191

收稿日期:2021-05-28 修回日期:2021-05-31 出版日期:2021-06-25 发布日期:2021-06-21
通讯作者: 温柔 E-mail:wenrou@bda.edu.cn
作者简介:陈婷婷(1986-)，女，汉族，安徽芜湖市人，博士研究生，主要研究方向：舞蹈脑科学及舞蹈教育心理学。
基金资助:
北京市自然科学基金项目(5214029);国家自然科学基金项目(31771244);北京市教委创新能力提升计划项目(TSJH20161005101);北京市社会科学基金重点项目(19YTA001)

Effects of Dance Activity on Negative Emotion in Older Adults: A Systematic Review

Ting-ting CHEN¹,Ming-chao XU³,Rou WEN²()

^1.School of Education, Beijing Dance Academy, Beijing 100081, China
^2.School of Humanities, Beijing Dance Academy, Beijing 100081, China
^3.School of Graduate Studies, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China

Received:2021-05-28 Revised:2021-05-31 Published:2021-06-25 Online:2021-06-21
Contact: Rou WEN E-mail:wenrou@bda.edu.cn
Supported by:
Beijing Natural Science Foundation(5214029);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31771244);Innovation capability improvement project of Beijing Municipal Education Commission(TSJH20161005101);Beijing Social Science Fund(19YTA001)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的

探讨舞蹈活动对老年人负性情绪的康复效果，厘清舞蹈活动与老年人负性情绪改善的量效关系，完善和发展老年人的情绪健康服务体系。

方法

采用主题词检索方法，在PubMed、Web of Science、EBSCO、Cochrane图书馆、中国知网、维普和万方数据库，检索舞蹈活动影响老年人负性情绪的相关文献，发表时间为建库至2020年12月31日。经筛选从文献中提取作者、国家、发表时间、研究对象、研究方法、干预过程、测量工具和结局指标，并采用PEDro量表进行方法学质量评价。

结果

共检索文献672篇，最终纳入12篇，来自10个国家，主要来源于临床医学、运动康复、心理治疗、老年病等相关期刊，PEDro量表平均得分为5.58。研究设计包括随机对照试验(RCT)、准实验设计和前后测设计，研究对象包括健康老年人和老年病患者。老年人参与的舞蹈活动主要包括社交舞蹈、休闲舞蹈、民俗舞蹈和舞动治疗四种类型，其中休闲舞蹈和民俗舞蹈是老年人情绪康复的主要干预手段；舞蹈活动对老年人负性情绪的促进效益主要表现为改善焦虑、抑郁水平，以及缓解痛苦和紧张不安等方面，其中对抑郁和焦虑的康复效果最为明显；舞蹈活动的强度、频率和持续时间等是影响老年人情绪康复效果的主要因素，需要更为严格的RCT设计进行验证；社区是老年人参与舞蹈活动的主要场所，将舞蹈活动融入社区康复服务体系，有助于老年人的情绪调适和心理健康。

结论

长期坚持参与舞蹈活动，能够改善老年人的焦虑、抑郁水平，缓解痛苦、紧张等负性情绪。舞蹈活动对老年人的情绪康复效果受舞蹈类型和开展方式，活动强度和持续时间，以及活动实施场所等中介变量的影响。

关键词: 舞蹈活动, 老年, 负性情绪, 心理康复, 系统综述

Abstract: Objective

To explore the rehabilitation effects of dance activity on negative emotion in older adults, and clarify the multiple factors that determine the dose-effect of emotional rehabilitation.

Methods

The electronic databases of PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang data were searched from inception to December 31, 2020. The authors, countries, years, samples, study designs, interventions, measurement instruments and outcomes were extracted. The PEDro scale was used to assess the methodological quality of included literatures.

Results

A total of 672 studies were retuned, out of which twelve were selected including 808 individuals. These studies were published in ten countries, and most in journals related to clinical medicine, exercise rehabilitation, psychotherapy and gerontology. Study designs included randomized controlled trial (RCT), quasi-experimental study and pre-post study. The mean PEDro score was 5.58. There were four types of dance activity, including social dance, dance movement therapy, leisure dance and folk dance. The latter two types were the main rehabilitation interventions. Dance was found to significantly reduce anxiety and depression levels, as well as distress and stress in older adults. Effect of dance activity on negative emotion in older adults was related to intensity, frequency and duration variables, and needed more researches with well-controlled designs, standardized assessments and longitudinal follow-ups. Community was the primary field for the elderly to participate in dance activities. Integrating dance activities into the community rehabilitation service system might contribute to their emotional adjustment and mental health.

Conclusion

Dance activity is feasible and effective to alleviate negative emotion, promote psychological healthy and improve quality of life for older adults.

Key words: dance activity, aged, negative emotion, psychologic rehabilitation, systematic review

中图分类号:

R592

陈婷婷,许明超,温柔. 舞蹈活动对老年人负性情绪康复效果的系统综述[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2021, 27(6): 668-676.

Ting-ting CHEN,Ming-chao XU,Rou WEN. Effects of Dance Activity on Negative Emotion in Older Adults: A Systematic Review[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2021, 27(6): 668-676.

图/表 6

图1

表1

纳入文献基本特征"

作者	年份	国家	研究对象	年龄(岁)	研究设计	干预方式	干预地点	干预频率	干预效果	测量工具
Adam等^[8]	2016	马来西亚	轻度认知障碍老年人实验组n = 44 控制组n = 40	≥ 60	准实验设计	马来西亚民俗舞蹈vs.放松练习	社区	每次60 min，每周2次，共6周	改善焦虑、抑郁情绪	HADS
Blandy等^[9]	2015	澳大利亚	帕金森病患者 n = 6	(64±6.28)	前后测	社交舞	社区	每次60 min，每周2次，共4周	改善抑郁情绪	Beck抑郁量表、Euroqol-5D
Boing等^[10]	2017	巴西	乳腺癌患者实验组n = 8 控制组n = 11	(54.1±7.6)	准实验设计	肚皮舞vs. 无干预	肿瘤研究中心	每次60 min，每周2次，共12周	改善抑郁情绪	QoL评分、Piper疲劳量表、Beck抑郁量表
Br?uninger^[11]	2012	西班牙	健康中老年人实验组n = 97 控制组n = 65	-	RCT	舞动治疗vs.轮候等待	社区	每次90 min，每周1次，共3个月	缓解痛苦、抑郁、焦虑情绪，提升压力应对	BSI
Eyigor等^[12]	2009	土耳其	健康女性老年人实验组n = 19 控制组n = 18	≥ 65	RCT	土耳其民俗舞蹈vs.无干预	社区	每次60 min，每周3次，共8周	缓解痛苦、抑郁情绪	SF-36、GDS
Mavrovouniotis等^[13]	2010	希腊	健康老年人实验组n = 76 控制组n = 35	60~91	RCT	希腊民俗舞蹈vs.观看电视节目	社区	每次60 min，每周1次，共10周	缓解焦虑、紧张情绪	STAI
Overdorf等^[14]	2016	美国	健康女性老年人n = 11	≥ 70	前后测	排舞	社区	每次1 h，每周3次，共6周	改善抑郁情绪	Beck抑郁量表
Vaccaro等^[15]	2019	意大利	健康老年人 n = 25	(71.2±5.1)	前后测	社交舞和自由舞动	舞蹈学校	每次2 h，4次/周，共6个月	改善焦虑、抑郁情绪	GDS、STAI
Vankova等^[16]	2014	捷克	健康中老年人实验组n = 79 控制组n = 83	≥ 60	RCT	社交舞vs.无干预	疗养院	每次60 min，每周1次，共3个月	改善抑郁情绪	GDS
Wang等^[17]	2019	中国	轻度认知障碍老人实验组n = 33 控制组n = 33	≥ 80	准实验设计	广场舞vs.无干预	疗养院	每次40 min，每周3次，共12周	改善抑郁情绪，提升生活质量	GDS、SF-12
杨建全等^[18]	2014	中国	女性抑郁症患者实验组n = 33 控制组n = 32	45~70	RCT	广场舞vs.药物治疗	社区	至少每次60 min，每周5次，共6个月	改善抑郁、焦虑情绪	SCL-90、SAS、SDS
曾俊等^[19]	2019	中国	健康中老年女性实验组n = 30 控制组n = 30	≥ 55	准实验设计	广场舞vs.无干预	社区	每次60~90 min，每周5~7次，共3个月	改善紧张、愤怒、抑郁、焦虑情绪	SCL-90、POMS

表1

图2

表2

表3

表4

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纳入研究	资格标准	随机分配	分配隐藏	基线相似	被试施盲	被试流失率<15%	ITT意向治疗分析	组间统计比较	报告点测量和变异量值	总分
Adam等^[8](2016)	√		√	√	√	√	√	√	√	7
Blandy等^[9](2015)	√					√	√		√	3
Boing等^[10](2017)	√			√		√	√	√	√	5
Br?uninger^[11](2012)		√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	8
Eyigor等^[12](2009)	√	√		√		√	√	√	√	6
Mavrovouniotis等^[13](2010)	√	√	√		√	√	√	√	√	7
Overdorf等^[14](2016)						√	√		√	3
Vaccaro等^[15](2019)	√					√	√		√	3
Vankova等^[16](2014)	√	√		√		√	√	√	√	6
Wang等^[17](2019)	√			√	√	√	√	√	√	6
杨建全等^[18](2014)	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	8
曾俊等^[19](2019)	√			√		√	√	√	√	5

情绪类别	行为表现	舞蹈康复效果
焦虑	对未来事件潜在负性结果的过度担忧	缓解急性和慢性的焦虑情绪
抑郁	情绪低落、思维迟缓、丧失生活兴趣等	改善情绪低落、增强生活兴趣、提高情绪应对能力
痛苦	难过、极度的不平衡状态	减轻痛苦感受、调整矛盾状态
紧张	对外界事物的高度准备状态感受到威胁时的应激状态	缓解外界刺激引起的情绪激动和过度紧张

舞蹈活动类别	舞蹈活动方式
社交舞蹈	又称交谊舞，是一种舞步规范的男女双人互动舞蹈，包括探戈^[9]、恰恰^[15]、华尔兹^[16]等
休闲舞蹈	以强身健体和愉悦身心为主要目的，具有多元舞蹈内容和表演风格的集体性舞蹈活动，包括排舞^[14]、广场舞^[17-19]等
民俗舞蹈	在特定文化背景中发展的具有鲜明民族特征的群体性舞蹈，包括马来西亚民俗舞^[8]、阿拉伯风情肚皮舞^[10]、土耳其民俗舞^[12]、希腊民俗舞^[13]等
舞动治疗	在双人镜像或多人互动的过程中，利用肢体动作治愈生理、情感、认知等方面障碍，促进身心和谐的艺术治疗方式^[9]

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舞蹈活动对老年人负性情绪康复效果的系统综述

Effects of Dance Activity on Negative Emotion in Older Adults: A Systematic Review

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