不同认知负荷双任务对青年男性前额叶激活及静态姿势控制的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2025.11.009

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2025, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (11): 1322-1332.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2025.11.009

不同认知负荷双任务对青年男性前额叶激活及静态姿势控制的影响

武梦旖¹, 王冲¹, 王朋飞¹, 邢泽宇¹, 霍洪峰¹^,²()

1.河北师范大学体育学院，河北石家庄市 050024
2.河北省人体运动生物信息测评重点实验室，河北石家庄市 050024

收稿日期:2025-06-11 修回日期:2025-09-10 出版日期:2025-11-25 发布日期:2025-11-26
通讯作者: 霍洪峰 E-mail:hhf413@163.com
作者简介:武梦旖(2000-)，女，汉族，河北石家庄市人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向：运动生物力学。
基金资助:
1.河北省科技支撑项目(16275709);2.河北师范大学研究生创新自主项目(XCXZZBS202554)

Effect of dual tasks with different cognitive loads on prefrontal lobe activation and static posture control in young men

WU Mengyi¹, WANG Chong¹, WANG Pengfei¹, XING Zeyu¹, HUO Hongfeng¹^,²()

1. School of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
2. Key Laboratory of Human Movement Bioinformatics Evaluation of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China

Received:2025-06-11 Revised:2025-09-10 Published:2025-11-25 Online:2025-11-26
Contact: HUO Hongfeng E-mail:hhf413@163.com
Supported by:
Hebei Provincial Science and Technology Support Project(16275709);Hebei Normal University Graduate Innovation and Autonomy Project(XCXZZBS202554)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探究不同认知负荷(无、简单、困难)的认知-运动双任务对青年男性前额叶皮质激活及静态姿势控制的影响。

方法 2024年6月至7月，在河北师范大学招募健康男性大学生27例，通过平衡测试与训练系统、无线表面肌电仪及功能性近红外光谱技术采集受试者在无认知单任务、简单认知双任务和困难认知双任务下的静态姿势控制参数(C90面积)、下肢肌电数据(肌肉能量占比)和前额叶皮质血流动力学信号。

结果简单认知双任务和困难认知双任务的C90面积均小于无认知单任务(P < 0.05)。简单认知双任务时，腓肠肌内侧、外侧β波段肌肉能量占比大于无认知单任务(P < 0.05)，腓肠肌外侧、胫骨前肌piper波段肌肉能量占比小于无认知单任务(P < 0.05)。困难认知双任务时，双侧腹外侧前额叶皮质和右背外侧前额叶皮质激活程度高于无认知单任务时(P < 0.05)。

结论不同认知负荷双任务对青年男性姿势稳定性具有调节效应，适度认知负荷的双任务可增强姿势稳定性。在简单认知负荷下，通过优化下肢肌群神经肌肉控制实现高效姿势维持；在困难认知负荷下，则优先调用涉及工作记忆与执行控制的右侧前额叶皮质高阶认知网络，启用神经认知代偿机制来维持姿势稳定。

关键词: 双任务, 皮质激活, 功能性近红外光谱, 姿势控制

Abstract:

Objective To explore the effect of cognitive-motor dual tasks with different cognitive loads (none, simple and difficult) on activation of prefrontal cortex and static posture control in young man.

Methods From June to July, 2024, 27 healthy male college students were recruited in Hebei Normal University. Static postural control parameters (C90 area), lower limb electromyography data (muscle energy proportion) and prefrontal cortex hemodynamic signals of subjects under single task without cognitive load, dual-task with simple cognitive load, and dual-task with difficult cognitive load were collected using a balanced testing and training system, a wireless surface electromyography device, and functional near-infrared spectroscopy technology.

Results The C90 areas of dual-tasks with simple and difficult cognitive load were smaller than that of the single task without cognitive load (P < 0.05). The proportion of β band energy in the medial and lateral gastrocnemius muscles in the dual-task with simple cognitive load was greater than that in the single task without cognitive load (P < 0.05), while the proportion of piper band energy in the lateral gastrocnemius muscle and tibialis anterior muscle was less (P < 0.05). During dual-task with difficult cognitive load, the activation levels of bilateral ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex were higher than those in the single task without cognitive load (P < 0.05).

Conclusion Dual tasks with appopriate cognitive loads are effective on postural stability in young man. Simple cognitive load promote posture maintenance through optimizing the neuromuscular control of the lower limb muscle groups, while difficult cognitive load through activating the right prefrontal cortex involved in working memory and executive control, involving the neurocognitive compensatory.

Key words: dual tasks, cortical activation, functional near-infrared spectroscopy, posture control

中图分类号:

R493

武梦旖, 王冲, 王朋飞, 邢泽宇, 霍洪峰. 不同认知负荷双任务对青年男性前额叶激活及静态姿势控制的影响[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2025, 31(11): 1322-1332.

WU Mengyi, WANG Chong, WANG Pengfei, XING Zeyu, HUO Hongfeng. Effect of dual tasks with different cognitive loads on prefrontal lobe activation and static posture control in young men[J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2025, 31(11): 1322-1332.

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认知负荷	认知负荷	平均值差	P值	95%CI
认知负荷	认知负荷	平均值差	P值	下限	上限
无认知单任务	简单认知双任务	0.010	0.001	0.006	0.015
简单认知双任务	困难认知双任务	-0.004	0.129	-0.009	0.001
无认知单任务	困难认知双任务	0.006	0.021	0.001	0.012

频段	肌肉	无认知单任务	简单认知双任务	困难认知双任务
β	腓肠肌内侧	0.08±0.03	0.10±0.04	0.09±0.29
β	腓肠肌外侧	0.06±0.02	0.08±0.03	0.07±0.02
β	胫骨前肌	0.08±0.03	0.10±0.28	0.09±0.04
piper	腓肠肌内侧	0.12±0.30	0.12±0.25	0.11±0.24
piper	腓肠肌外侧	0.11±0.03	0.09±0.02	0.09±0.03
piper	胫骨前肌	0.12±0.02	0.10±0.03	0.11±0.02

频段	肌肉	平方和	自由度	均方	F值	P值
β	腓肠肌内侧	0.007	1.505	0.005	3.879	0.040
β	腓肠肌外侧	0.005	1.539	0.003	4.431	0.026
β	胫骨前肌	0.002	1.462	0.001	2.308	0.126
piper	腓肠肌内侧	0.000	1.385	0.000	0.635	0.480
piper	腓肠肌外侧	0.006	1.198	0.005	5.257	0.023
piper	胫骨前肌	0.006	2.000	0.003	5.579	0.006

频段/肌肉	认知负荷	认知负荷	平均值差	P值	95%CI
频段/肌肉	认知负荷	认知负荷	平均值差	P值	下限	上限
β/腓肠肌内侧	无认知单任务	简单认知双任务	-0.230	0.046	-0.047	< 0.001
	简单认知双任务	困难认知双任务	0.013	0.664	-0.013	0.038
	无认知单任务	困难认知双任务	-0.011	0.189	-0.025	0.003
β/腓肠肌外侧	无认知单任务	简单认知双任务	-0.019	0.037	-0.037	-0.001
	简单认知双任务	困难认知双任务	0.011	0.451	-0.008	0.029
	无认知单任务	困难认知双任务	-0.008	0.220	-0.019	0.003
β/胫骨前肌	无认知单任务	简单认知双任务	-0.013	0.201	-0.029	0.004
	简单认知双任务	困难认知双任务	0.005	1.000	-0.013	0.022
	无认知单任务	困难认知双任务	-0.008	0.148	-0.017	0.002
piper/腓肠肌内侧	无认知单任务	简单认知双任务	-0.004	1.000	-0.019	0.010
	简单认知双任务	困难认知双任务	0.005	0.306	-0.002	0.012
	无认知单任务	困难认知双任务	< 0.001	1.000	-0.013	0.013
piper/腓肠肌外侧	无认知单任务	简单认知双任务	0.019	0.047	0.000	0.037
	简单认知双任务	困难认知双任务	-0.001	1.000	-0.009	0.006
	无认知单任务	困难认知双任务	0.017	0.119	-0.003	0.037
piper/胫骨前肌	无认知单任务	简单认知双任务	0.020	0.016	0.003	0.038
	简单认知双任务	困难认知双任务	-0.012	0.171	-0.028	0.003
	无认知单任务	困难认知双任务	0.008	0.456	-0.006	0.022

ROI	无认知单任务	简单认知双任务	困难认知双任务
右DLPFC	-9.84±25.76	-8.21±43.61	13.11±38.53
右VLPFC	-10.10±28.50	3.87±33.28	12.87±35.80
右FPC	-8.97±34.70	-9.68±40.29	5.69±38.55
右OFC	-3.74±27.00	-5.65±42.51	2.13±44.02
左DLPFC	-6.21±29.66	-5.37±34.39	6.43±34.17
左VLPFC	-11.98±39.07	5.87±39.04	14.43±36.70
左FPC	-2.47±36.79	-7.23±39.60	1.17±36.77
左OFC	-3.58±29.50	-6.40±39.06	-16.58±44.00

不同认知负荷双任务对青年男性前额叶激活及静态姿势控制的影响

Effect of dual tasks with different cognitive loads on prefrontal lobe activation and static posture control in young men

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ROI	平方和	自由度	均方	F值	P值
右DLPFC	8857.968	2	4428.984	3.202	0.049
右VLPFC	7231.215	2	3615.607	3.671	0.032
右FPC	4064.680	2	2032.340	2.079	0.135
右OFC	886.736	2	443.368	0.433	0.651
左DLPFC	2699.590	2	1349.795	1.547	0.223
左VLPFC	9799.618	2	4899.809	3.263	0.046
左FPC	957.806	2	478.903	0.522	0.596
左OFC	2522.958	2	1261.479	1.196	0.311

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ROI	认知负荷	认知负荷	平均值差	P值	95%CI
ROI	认知负荷	认知负荷	平均值差	P值	下限	上限
右DLPFC	无认知单任务	简单认知双任务	-1.634	1.000	-26.239	22.970
	简单认知双任务	困难认知双任务	-21.321	0.263	-52.060	9.418
	无认知单任务	困难认知双任务	-22.956	0.034	-44.460	-1.451
右VLPFC	无认知单任务	简单认知双任务	-13.968	0.301	-34.945	7.009
	简单认知双任务	困难认知双任务	-8.997	0.948	-31.524	13.529
	无认知单任务	困难认知双任务	-22.965	0.039	-45.007	-0.924
右FPC	无认知单任务	简单认知双任务	0.719	1.000	-23.630	25.068
	简单认知双任务	困难认知双任务	-15.374	0.102	-32.951	2.204
	无认知单任务	困难认知双任务	-14.655	0.337	-37.473	8.163
右OFC	无认知单任务	简单认知双任务	1.913	1.000	-22.729	26.555
	简单认知双任务	困难认知双任务	-7.777	0.732	-24.472	8.917
	无认知单任务	困难认知双任务	-5.864	1.000	-30.474	18.746
左DLPFC	无认知单任务	简单认知双任务	-0.839	1.000	-23.967	22.290
	简单认知双任务	困难认知双任务	-11.806	0.412	-31.514	7.903
	无认知单任务	困难认知双任务	-12.644	0.282	-31.260	5.972
左VLPFC	无认知单任务	简单认知双任务	-17.844	0.434	-48.211	12.523
	简单认知双任务	困难认知双任务	-8.560	1.000	-36.002	18.883
	无认知单任务	困难认知双任务	26.404	0.018	-48.990	-3.818
左FPC	无认知单任务	简单认知双任务	4.764	1.000	-18.744	28.272
	简单认知双任务	困难认知双任务	-8.398	0.817	-27.554	10.759
	无认知单任务	困难认知双任务	-3.634	1.000	-24.012	16.745
左OFC	无认知单任务	简单认知双任务	2.814	1.000	-20.594	26.222
	简单认知双任务	困难认知双任务	10.179	0.509	-8.266	28.623
	无认知单任务	困难认知双任务	12.993	0.608	-12.441	38.426