目的 观察不同健康教育管理模式对慢性非特异腰痛患者疗效保持的影响。方法 选择2016年9月至2017年4月康复训练后症状稳定的慢性非特异腰痛患者75例,分为对照组(n=45)和腰痛学校组(n=30)。腰痛学校组以集体授课形式介绍腰椎生理解剖知识、人体工程学、不良生活姿势以及家庭功能锻炼方法,每周1次,共4次。对照组发放包含以上内容的宣教手册进行传统健康宣教。门诊复诊、电话随访及微信随访获得患者入组时、随访1个月、随访3个月的视觉模拟评分(VAS)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)、腰痛复发次数、简明健康调查问卷(SF-36)评分。结果 两组VAS评分均随时间推移逐渐增加,但腰痛学校组明显低于对照组(Z>2.645, P<0.01)。腰痛学校组3个月内腰痛复发次数低于对照组(Z=-2.082, P<0.05)。腰痛学校组ODI评分在随访3个月时高于对照组(Z=2.265, P<0.05);腰痛学校组SF-36躯体疼痛评分在随访1个月、3个月时高于对照组(t>2.273, P<0.05)。结论 腰痛学校健康教育模式在维持慢性非特异腰痛患者的临床疗效、减少复发、改善患者功能状态及生活质量方面,较传统宣教模式有更积极的影响。
Objective To observe the effects of different health education patterns on chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNLBP).Methods From September, 2016 to April, 2017, 75 patients with CNLBP after rehabilitation were randomly divided into control group (n=45) and Back School group (n=30). The Back School group received group teaching including physiological and anatomy of lumbar spine, ergonomics, healthy posture and function exercise, once a week for four weeks. While the control group received the booklets including the same contents. They were self-assessed with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and the 36-item Short Form (SF-36) before education, and one and three months of follow-up in clinics, or with call back services and Wechat. The recurrence frequency was recorded.Results The score of VAS increased in both groups in the follow-up, but increased less in the Back School group (Z>2.645, P<0.01). The recurrence frequency was less in the Back School group (Z=-2.082, P<0.05), with more ODI score (Z=2.265, P<0.05) after three months of follow-up. The bodily pain score of SF-36 was more in the Back School group after one and three months of follow-up (t>2.273, P<0.05).Conclusion Health education with Back School may benefit to maintain the curative effects and function, reduce recurrence, and improve the quality of life of CNLBP patients.
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