目的 探究有氧运动和有氧运动联合抗阻训练对慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者肌力、心肺耐力等运动功能的影响。方法 2015年7月至2016年8月,CKD患者60例随机分为对照组(n=20)、有氧运动组(n=20)和有氧联合抗阻训练组(n=20)。有氧运动组以50%峰值摄氧量(VO2peak)踏功率自行车,每次30 min。有氧运动联合抗阻训练组在有氧运动组基础上,进行弹力带抗阻训练。每周3次,共12周。比较三组间训练前后上下肢一次最大重复负荷(1 RM)、心肺运动试验(CPET)、手臂弯曲试验(ACT)、30秒坐站试验(CS-30)和6分钟步行试验(6MWT)的差异,并监测训练前后患者血肌酐(sCr)和肾小球滤过率(eGFR)的变化。结果 训练前三组间各指标均无显著性差异(F<1.841, P>0.05)。训练后,有氧运动组和有氧联合抗阻训练组在各指标方面均改善(t>2.162, P<0.05),且优于对照组(t>2.132, P<0.05);有氧联合抗阻训练组在上肢1 RM、下肢1 RM、VO2peak、ACT、CS-30和6MWT方面均优于有氧运动组(t>2.081, P<0.05)。结论 有氧运动可改善CKD患者运动功能,联合抗阻训练效果更好。
Objective To observe the effects of aerobic training and aerobic combined with resistance training on motor function, like muscle strength, cardiopulmonary endurance and so on, in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).Methods From July, 2015 to August, 2016, 60 patients with CKD were randomly divided into control group (A, n=20), aerobic training group (B, n=20) and aerobic combined with resistance training group (C, n=20). Group B performed cycle ergometer at 50% peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) for 30 minutes a time, and group C performed one section of Thera-Band resistance training based on group B, three times a week for twelve weeks. All patients were evaluated with one repetition maximum-upper limb (1 RM-U), one repetition maximum-lower limb (1 RM-L), Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test (CPET), Arm Curl Test (ACT), 30-second Chair Stand (CS-30), Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), and estimated gomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and serum creatinine (sCr) were calculated and recorded before and after training.Results There was no significant difference in all indexes among three groups before training (F<1.841, P>0.05). After training, all indexes improved in groups B and C (t>2.162, P<0.05), and were better in groups B and C than in group A (t>2.132, P<0.05). After training, 1 RM-U, 1 RM-L, VO2peak, ACT, CS-30 and 6MWT were better in group C than in group B (t>2.081, P<0.05).Conclusion Aerobic training could improve the motor function of patients with CKD, and it is more effective combined with resistance training.
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