目的 基于ICF分析智力残疾儿童参加身体活动发展现状,讨论身体活动对智力残疾儿童健康的影响,以及智力残疾儿童参加身体活动的方法和注意事项。
方法 采用ICF的理论框架,结合文献研究和理论研究方法。
结果 智力残疾儿童很少或不参加身体活动;身体活动种类较少,形式单一,缺少活动场地器材与活动指导,缺乏社会支持。低龄智力残疾儿童参加的游戏类身体活动应以自由游戏和包含简单身体技能类活动为主;高龄智力残疾儿童除参加多种的身体活动类以外,还应适当开展增加肌肉力量的身体活动。
结论 智力残疾儿童身体活动存在很大障碍,需要制定促进智力残疾儿童身体活动的政策,并提供相关的支持与指导服务。鼓励智力残疾儿童多参加各种形式的身体活动,不仅可改善智力残疾儿童的体质,还能改善他们的情绪和生活质量,降低健康风险。应该制定鼓励智力残疾儿童参加社区类身体活动的政策,并提供场地、器材,身体活动指导与支持服务。
王梅
,
施俊
,
邱卓英
,
李安巧
,
李欣
,
钟勇
,
黄珂
,
王国祥
,
刘巧艳
,
张田丽
. 智力残疾儿童身体活动及其影响因素研究[J]. 中国康复理论与实践, 2019
, 25(1)
: 29
-33
.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2019.01.006
Objective To analyze the current status of physical activities for children with intellectual disabilities based on ICF, to discuss the effects of physical activities on the health, and the approaches and its precautions.
Methods The theory and method of ICF had been adopted. Literature review and theoretical research methods were implemented.
Results In the way of participating physical activity, children with intellectual disabilities would improve not only their physical fitness, but also their mood and quality of life, and reduce their health risks.
Conclusion Children with intellectual disabilities faced barriers in physical activities. It recommended to develop policies and provide support and guidance services to promote their participation of physical activities. It is necessary to develop policies to encourage children with intellectual disabilities to participate in community-based physical activities and provide adaptive facility and equipment, guidance and supportive services.
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