Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at Baihui (GV20) and Siguan (Hegu/LI4 and Taichong/LR3) of affected side on expression of Tax1-binding protein 1 (TAX1BP1) in cerebral cortex in focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats, so as to investigate its protective mechanism in inhibiting nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway and promoting neurobehavioral recovery. Methods A total of 105 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into sham group, model group and EA group. Each group was randomly assigned into reperfusion six hours, twelve hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours groups after two hours of ischemia. The model was established by right middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion. EA group received electroacupuncture at Baihui and left Siguan (Hegu and Taichong) acupoints. Neurobehavioral evaluation, TAX1BP1 protein expression, TAX1BP1 positive cell count, zink finger protein A20 expression, and nuclear NF-κB p65 protein expression were tested in each group. Results There was no neurological deficit in the sham group. Compared with the model group, the neurological scores at 48 hours, 72 hours after reperfusion decreased in EA group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the TAX1BP1 expression at twelve hours, 24 hours and 48 hours after reperfusion increased in the model group (P<0.05), and further increased at twelve hours, 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours after reperfusion in EA group (P<0.05), and peaked at 24 hours after reperfusion. Compared with the sham group, the expression of A20 and NF-κB p65, and the number of TAX1BP1 positive cells increased in the model group (P<0.05), and the expression of A20 and the number of TAX1BP1 positive cells further increased, (P<0.05) and the expression of NF-κB p65 decreased in EA group (P<0.05) at 24 hours after reperfusion. Immunofluorescence labeling indicated that TAX1BP1 protein primarily expressed in the cytoplasm, TAX1BP1 protein and A20 protein co-expressed in the cytoplasm. Immunohistochemistry showed indicated that NF-κB p65 mainly expressed in the nucleus in the model groupr, and mainly expressed in the cytoplasm in the EA group. Conclusion Electroacupuncture could significantly inhibit neuronal NF-κB signaling pathway and promote neurobehavioral recovery in focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, which may related with up-regulating TAX1BP1 protein expression.
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