智力残疾儿童青少年体质健康的可视化分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2022.12.008

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2022, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (12): 1435-1443.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2022.12.008

• 专题健康和康复与身体活动 • 上一篇下一篇

智力残疾儿童青少年体质健康的可视化分析

郑尉¹,孙立冰¹,刘春华¹,郝传萍²()

1.天津体育学院，天津市 301617
2.北京联合大学特殊教育学院，北京市 100075

收稿日期:2022-10-08 修回日期:2022-11-24 出版日期:2022-12-25 发布日期:2023-01-10
通讯作者: 郝传萍 E-mail:tjtchuanping@buu.edu.cn
作者简介:郑尉(1985-)，女，汉族，河北沧州市人，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，主要研究方向：运动损伤防护，脊柱手法治疗，体质健康促进。|郝传萍(1965-)，女，硕士，副教授，主要研究方向：适应体育。
基金资助:
1.国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC2006704);2.天津市教委科研计划项目(2020KJ101)

Physical fitness for children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities: a visualized analysis

ZHENG Wei¹,SUN Libing¹,LIU Chunhua¹,HAO Chuanping²()

1. Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China
2. Special Education College, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100075, China

Received:2022-10-08 Revised:2022-11-24 Published:2022-12-25 Online:2023-01-10
Contact: HAO Chuanping E-mail:tjtchuanping@buu.edu.cn
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program(2020YFC2006704);Scientific Research Project of Tianjin Education Commission(2020KJ101)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的运用CiteSpace文献计量分析近10年国际智力残疾儿童青少年体质健康领域的研究现状和热点，并进行文献循证研究。

方法基于世界卫生组织国际分类家族(WHO-FICs)理论，利用PubMed数据库检索国际智力残疾儿童青少年体质健康领域的相关文献，检索范围为2012年至2022年，采用CiteSpace 6.1.R2软件进行科学知识图谱绘制。

结果共检索到670篇文献，纳入348篇，年均发文量为31.6篇，发文量总体呈上升趋势。唐氏综合征、孤独症谱系障碍、Prader-Willi综合征等智力残疾儿童青少年的体质健康特征及干预策略是近10年的研究热点。在WHO-FICs理论架构的指导下，体质健康内容涉及身体结构与功能层面(身体成分/肥胖、骨骼健康、动作发育/动作技能、姿势控制等)、活动和参与层面(身体活动/久坐行为、生活质量等)以及环境和个人因素层面(父母支持等)。体质健康干预策略包括体适能类(有氧运动、中等至剧烈强度身体活动、视频游戏、抗阻训练等)、运动技能训练类(适应性身体活动、适应性体育等)、运动项目相关类(特奥足球等)。

结论近10年来，国际上对智力残疾儿童青少年体质健康的关注度逐年提高。研究热点涉及唐氏综合征、孤独症谱系障碍等智力残疾儿童青少年在身体成分、执行能力等身体结构与功能层面，以及身体活动、生活质量等社会和参与层面存在的体质健康功能障碍。此外，传统的体适能运动、中等强度以上的身体活动、适应性身体活动、适应体育、特奥运动等体质健康干预策略也是近年来的研究热点之一。上述干预策略秉承“生活体育”理念，将身体活动与日常生活紧密相连，帮助其提升身心健康水平、社会参与能力和生活质量与福祉。

关键词: 智力残疾, 世界卫生组织国际分类家族, 身体活动, 体质健康, 适应性体育, 可视化分析

Abstract:

Objective To conduct a bibliometric analysis of the research status and hot spots of physical fitness for children and adolescents with intellectual disability using CiteSpace.

Methods Based on the theoretical framework of World Health Organization Family of International Classifications (WHO-FICs), literatures about physical fitness for children and adolescents with intellectual disability were searched in PubMed from 2012 to 2022. CiteSpace 6.1.R2 was used to draw knowledge mapping.

Results A total of 670 literatures were retrieved from PubMed, and 348 literatures were included. The mean number of articles published was 31.6 per year, which presented an upward trend. The characteristics and intervention strategies of physical fitness for children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities, such as Down syndrome, autism spectrum disorder and Prader-Willi syndrome had been the hot spots of research in the past ten years. Under the guidance of the WHO-FICs framework, physical fitness involved structural and functional levels (body composition/obesity, bone health, motor development/motor skills, postural control, etc.), activity and participation levels (physical activity/sedentary behavior, quality of life, etc.), and environmental and personal factors (parental support, etc.). Intervention included physical fitness strategies (aerobic exercise, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, video games, resistance training, etc.), motor skills training strategies (adaptive physical activity, adaptive physical education, etc.), and sport event related strategies (Special Olympic soccer, etc.).

Conclusion The international attention on the physical fitness for children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities has been increasing in the past decade. Researches focus on the dysfunction of physical fitness for children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities, such as Down syndrome and autism spectrum disorder; in terms of physical structure and function including body composition and executive ability, etc., and in terms of social and participation including physical activity and quality of life, etc.. In addition, physical fitness intervention strategies, such as traditional physical fitness exercise, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, adaptive physical activity, adaptive sports and special Olympic sports are also research hotspots. Those strategies adhere to the concept of "sports for life" and are closely linked with daily life, in order to help them to improve their physical and mental health level, social participation ability, quality of life and well-being.

Key words: intellectual disabilities, World Health Organization Family of International Classifications, physical activity, physical fitness, adaptive physical education, visualized analysis

中图分类号:

R749.93

郑尉,孙立冰,刘春华,郝传萍. 智力残疾儿童青少年体质健康的可视化分析[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2022, 28(12): 1435-1443.

ZHENG Wei,SUN Libing,LIU Chunhua,HAO Chuanping. Physical fitness for children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities: a visualized analysis[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2022, 28(12): 1435-1443.

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项目	理论结构与方法体系
项目	ICD-11	ICF-CY	ICHI
功能	诊断疾病状态	评价体质健康功能状态	描述体质健康干预策略
内容	疾病：智力残疾(6A00.Z)	身体结构与功能：神经系统结构(s1)、精神功能(b110-b189)、视觉及其相关功能(b210-b229)、语音功能(b310, b330, b340)、呼吸功能(b440)、运动耐力功能(b455)、体质量维持功能(b530)、骨骼和关节功能(b710, b715, b720, b729)、肌肉功能(b730, b735, b740, b749)、运动功能(b755, b760, b770, b780, b789)	目标：身体系统或功能、活动和参与、环境、健康相关行为
	障碍：概念性技能、社交性技能、实践性技能	活动和参与：基本学习(d130-159)、有目的的感觉体验(d110-d129)、应用知识(d160-d179)、一般任务和要求(d210-d299)、自理(d5)、家庭生活(d6)、人际交往和人际关系(d7)、主要生活领域(d8)、社区、社会和公民生活(d9)	行动：诊断、治疗、管理、预防
		环境和个人因素：教育用的产品和技术(e130)、文化、娱乐及体育用的产品和技术(e140)、支持和相互关系(e310-e335)、态度(e410-e435, e445, e460, e465)、服务、体制和政策(e530, e550-e560, e575, e585)	方式：适应性体育课程、身体活动、社区康复
			类型：体适能类、运动技能训练类、运动项目相关类
			健康及功能结局：智力功能与适应性行为、活动和参与及心理健康、生活质量和福祉^[6]

分类	关键词
研究对象	Down syndrome; autism spectrum disorder; Prader-Willi syndrome; Rett syndrome
研究方法/工具	gait analysis; systematic review; vertical jump; physical fitness test; 3-D image; ICF-CY; randonmised controlled trial; prospective study
体质健康内容	physical activity; body composition; executive function; quality of life; motor development; bone health; postural control; sedentary behavior; childhood obesity; motor skill; adapted behavior; parent support
体质健康干预策略	aerobic exercise; moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; exercise training; physical therapy; adaptive physical education; active video game; activity participation; adaptive physical activity; Special Olympics; resistance training

智力残疾儿童青少年体质健康的可视化分析

Physical fitness for children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities: a visualized analysis

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