《中国康复理论与实践》

《中国康复理论与实践》

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基于ICF的智力残疾模式、测量方法及社会支持系统研究①

邱卓英 1,2,3，李欣 4，刘冯铂 4，李毓秋 3   

  1. 1.中国康复研究中心康复信息研究所，北京市 100068；2. 世界卫生组织国际分类家族中国合作中心，北京市 100068；3.北京师范大学珠海分校心理学系，广东珠海市 519087；4.郑州大学体育学院(校本部)，中国智力鉴定、分级、康复与运动实验室，河南郑州市 450001。
  • 出版日期:2016-04-25 发布日期:2016-06-01

Framework, Measurement, and Social Support of Intellectual Disability Based on ICF

QIU Zhuo-ying1,2,3, LI Xin4, LIU Feng-bo4, LI Yu-qiu3   

  1. 1. Research Institute of Rehabilitation Information, China Rehabilitation Research Centre, Beijing 100068, China; 2.WHO Collabrating Center for China, Family of International Classifications, Beijing 100068, China; 3. Department of Psychology, College of Education, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China; 4. Chinese Laboratory of Measurement, Classification, Rehabilitation and Sport for People with Intellectual Disability, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
  • Published:2016-04-25 Online:2016-06-01

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摘要： 目的 探讨基于ICF的智力残疾的定义、结构与术语体系，理论架构、社会支持与服务模式，以及智力残疾的测量方法。方法 采用 ICF的理论与方法以及美国智力与发展障碍协会(AAIDD)相关理论与方法进行分析。结果 智力残疾是以智力功能损伤和适应性行为有显著活动受限为特征的障碍。适应性行为主要表现在概念性、社交性以及实践性适应技能方面，智力残疾发生于18周岁之前。本文还提出了基于ICF的智力残疾服务与支持架构、主要领域与内容，以及基于新的智力残疾定义的测量方法。结论 基于 ICF的智力残疾理论架构与方法、服务与支持系统以及测量方法符合现代残疾理论架构，为智力残疾的测量、康复、教育与社会服务提供了理论和方法。

关键词: 国际功能、残疾和健康分类, 智力残疾, 测量, 社会支持

Abstract: Objective To explore the definition, structure, terminology, framework, and models of social support and services, and measurement of  intellectual disability based ICF approach. Methods The ICF approach and definition and approach proposed by American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD) were adopted. Results The characteristics of intellectual disability are significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior as expressed in conceptual, social, and practical adaptive skills, and onset before 18 years old. The framework, domains and contents of services and support for intelligence disability were proposed, as well as the updated measurement of intelligence disability based on new framework and definition. Conclusion The new framework of intelligence disability, system of service and support, and measurement are in accordance with the bio-psycho-social model of disability of ICF. The new paradigm will provide framework and tool of measurement, rehabilitation, education, and social services for people with intelligence disability.

Key words: International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, intellectual disability, measure, social support