有氧运动对注意缺陷多动障碍儿童核心症状和执行功能的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2022.06.012

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2022, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (6): 704-709.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2022.06.012

有氧运动对注意缺陷多动障碍儿童核心症状和执行功能的影响

陈小明^1,²,梁冠军³,李明娣³,王庆娟⁴,苏敏¹()

1.苏州大学附属独墅湖医院康复医学科,江苏苏州市 215215
2.苏州市吴中区乐航特殊儿童早期干预中心,江苏苏州市 215128
3.苏州大学附属儿童医院康复科,江苏苏州市 215004
4.苏州工业园区星海医院康复科,江苏苏州市 215124

收稿日期:2022-03-21 修回日期:2022-05-23 出版日期:2022-06-25 发布日期:2022-07-05
通讯作者: 苏敏 E-mail:sumin@suda.edu.cn
作者简介:陈小明(1983-),女,汉族,江苏苏州市人,主管技师,主要研究方向：儿童言语与语言康复。|苏敏,女,汉族,江苏苏州市人,博士,副教授,主任医师,主要研究方向：神经康复。

Effect of aerobic exercise on core symptoms and executive function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

CHEN Xiaoming^1,²,LIANG Guanjun³,LI Mingdi³,WANG Qingjuan⁴,SU Min¹()

1. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215215, China
2. Wuzhong Lehang Early Intervention Center for Special Children in Suzhou, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215128, China
3. Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
4. Rehabilitation Department, Xinghai Hospital, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215124, China

Received:2022-03-21 Revised:2022-05-23 Published:2022-06-25 Online:2022-07-05
Contact: SU Min E-mail:sumin@suda.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的观察有氧运动对注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童核心症状和执行功能的影响。方法 2020年6月至2021年12月,独墅湖医院门诊ADHD患儿64例,随机分为对照组(n = 32)和观察组(n = 32)。对照组静坐观看动画片20 min,观察组在看动画片的同时进行骑车运动训练,共12周。训练前后采用Conners父母用症状问卷(PSQ)进行核心症状评估,采用心理学测试软件E-Prime 2.0系统进行抑制、转换、刷新功能的评估。结果治疗后,观察组PSQ各因子评分均显著下降(t > 4.775, P < 0.001),且明显低于对照组(t > 3.184, P < 0.01);观察组抑制、转换和刷新功能的反应时和精确度均下降(t > 2.259, P < 0.05),且均低于对照组(t > 2.007, P < 0.05)。结论有氧运动可减轻ADHD儿童注意力差和多动冲动的核心症状,提高执行功能。

关键词: 注意缺陷多动障碍, 有氧运动, 执行功能, 核心症状

Abstract:

Objective To observe the effect of aerobic exercise on core symptoms and executive function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods From June, 2020 to December, 2021, 64 children with ADHD at outpatient in Dushu Lake Hospital were randomly divided into control group (n = 32) and observation group (n = 32). The control group sat down and watched the cartoon for 20 minutes, and the observation group performed cycling exercise while watching the cartoon, for twelve weeks. The core symptoms were assessed with Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ), while the inhibition, conversion and refresh functions were assessed with the psychological test software E-Prime 2.0 system. Results After twelve weeks of treatment, the PSQ factor scores decreased in the observation group (t > 4.775, P < 0.001), and were lower than that of the the control group (t > 3.184, P < 0.001). The response time and accuracy of inhibition, conversion, and refresh functions decreased in the observation group (t > 2.259, P < 0.05), and were lower than that of the control group (t > 2.007, P < 0.05). Conclusion Aerobic exercise could reduce the core symptoms of poor attention and hyperactivity impulsivity, and improve the executive functioning in children with ADHD.

Key words: attention deficit and hyperactivity disorde, aerobic exercise, executive function, core symptom

中图分类号:

R749.94

陈小明,梁冠军,李明娣,王庆娟,苏敏. 有氧运动对注意缺陷多动障碍儿童核心症状和执行功能的影响[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2022, 28(6): 704-709.

CHEN Xiaoming,LIANG Guanjun,LI Mingdi,WANG Qingjuan,SU Min. Effect of aerobic exercise on core symptoms and executive function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2022, 28(6): 704-709.

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组别	n	性别(男/女)/n	年龄/岁	病程/月	分型(注意缺陷/多动冲动/混合)/n	IQ
对照组	32	27/5	7.89±2.13	10.5±7.3	5/10/17	89±17
观察组	32	26/6	8.37±1.68	11.6±9.7	6/8/18	97±12
χ²/t值		0.110	1.001	0.512	1.589	1.631
P值		0.740	0.321	0.610	0.207	0.108

组别	n	品行问题		多动冲动		多动指数		t值^a	P值^a	t值^b	P值^b	t值^c	P值^c
组别	n	治疗前	治疗后	治疗前	治疗后	治疗前	治疗后	t值^a	P值^a	t值^b	P值^b	t值^c	P值^c
对照组	32	1.37±0.39	1.31±0.43	2.21±0.64	2.08±0.28	2.16±0.54	2.19±0.43	0.585	0.561	1.053	0.297	0.246	0.807
观察组	32	1.40±0.36	1.03±0.25	2.23±0.57	1.22±0.35	2.13±0.35	1.15±0.32	4.775	< 0.001	8.542	< 0.001	11.690	< 0.001
t值		0.320	3.184	0.132	10.854	0.264	12.294
P值		0.750	0.002	0.895	< 0.001	0.793	< 0.001

组别	n	反应时/ms		精确度/%		t值^a	P值^a	t值^b	P值^b
组别	n	治疗前	治疗后	治疗前	治疗后	t值^a	P值^a	t值^b	P值^b
对照组	32	118.58±7.56	115.58±8.89	3.15±2.93	3.23±2.82	1.454	0.151	0.111	0.912
观察组	32	115.31±12.45	97.63±9.46	3.67±2.73	2.13±2.29	6.396	< 0.001	2.885	0.005
t值		1.270	7.822	0.735	2.007
P值		0.209	< 0.001	0.465	0.049

组别	n	反应时/ms		精确度/%		t值^a	P值^a	t值^b	P值^b
组别	n	治疗前	治疗后	治疗前	治疗后	t值^a	P值^a	t值^b	P值^b
对照组	32	206.07±73.40	191.81±44.25	9.03±4.06	8.85±3.27	0.941	0.350	0.195	0.846
观察组	32	224.56±97.54	158.33±58.63	8.72±3.61	7.05±2.11	3.292	0.002	2.259	0.027
t值		0.857	2.578	0.323	2.616
P值		0.395	0.012	0.748	0.011

组别	n	反应时/ms		精确度/%		t值^a	P值^a	t值^b	P值^b
组别	n	治疗前	治疗后	治疗前	治疗后	t值^a	P值^a	t值^b	P值^b
对照组	32	174.61±35.83	176.35±35.83	4.37±2.19	4.15±2.46	0.194	0.847	0.378	0.707
观察组	32	178.79±33.13	151.26±32.60	4.23±2.36	2.29±2.34	3.351	0.001	3.302	0.002
t值		0.485	2.930	0.246	3.099
P值		0.630	0.005	0.807	0.003

有氧运动对注意缺陷多动障碍儿童核心症状和执行功能的影响

Effect of aerobic exercise on core symptoms and executive function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

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