视力障碍青少年心理韧性特点的质性研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2024.01.004

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2024, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 29-35.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2024.01.004

视力障碍青少年心理韧性特点的质性研究

孙莹, 张强(), 章鑫鑫, 王若晨

南京特殊教育师范学院，江苏南京市 210000

收稿日期:2023-09-07 修回日期:2023-11-30 出版日期:2024-01-25 发布日期:2024-02-04
通讯作者: 张强(1978-)，男，汉族，江苏南京市人，博士，教授，主要研究方向：融合教育，视力障碍学生教育、音乐治疗。E-mail：vocalmusic123@sina.com
作者简介:孙莹(1984-)，女，汉族，江苏南京市人，博士研究生，讲师，主要研究方向：融合教育、视力障碍音乐教育、音乐治疗。
基金资助:
1.江苏省教育科学"十四五"规划重点课题(T-b/2021/38);2.江苏高校哲学社会科学重点研究基地"江苏省特殊教育发展研究院"重点课题(21tjfyjd15)

Psychological resilience characteristics of visually impaired adolescents: a qualitative study

SUN Ying, ZHANG Qiang(), ZHANG Xinxin, WANG Ruochen

Nanjing Normal University of Special Education, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China

Received:2023-09-07 Revised:2023-11-30 Published:2024-01-25 Online:2024-02-04
Contact: ZHANG Qiang, E-mail: vocalmusic123@sina.com
Supported by:
The 14th Five-Year Plan for Education and Science in Jiangsu Province (Key)(T-b/2021/38);Jiangsu Special Education Development Research Institute, a Key Research Base for Philosophy and Social Sciences in Jiangsu Universities (Key)(21tjfyjd15)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探究视力障碍青少年心理韧性特点。

方法 2023年2月至5月，目的抽样和方便抽样抽取南京特殊教育师范学院、扬州市特殊教育学校和南京市盲人学校视力障碍青少年13例，平均年龄16.5岁，采用现象学研究方法进行半结构式访谈，采用主题分析法进行整理。

结果产生4个主题，12个子主题。主题1为困难来源多，包括出行困难、学习困难、社交困难、日常生活困难；主题2为需要外界支持，包括家庭支持不足、学校支持有待提升、需要同伴支持、社会支持不足；主题3为消极适应与积极适应并存，包括消极适应、积极适应；主题4为消极应对与积极应对并存，包活积极应对、消极应对。

结论视力障碍青少年心理韧性特点为困难来源多、外界支持不足、积极适应和消极适应并存、积极应对和消极应对并存。家庭、学校、社会应建立联合支持系统，减轻困难来源，帮助建立积极适应和积极应对方式，提升其心理韧性。

关键词: 视力障碍, 青少年, 心理韧性, 质性研究

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the psychological resilience characteristics of visually impaired adolescents.

Methods From February to May, 2023, 13 visually impaired adolescents (average age of 16.5 years) from Nanjing Normal University of Special Education, Yangzhou Special Education School and Nanjing School for the Blind in Jiangsu, China were selected for semi-structured interviews with phenomenological method, and the interview data were sorted by theme analysis method.

Results Four themes and twelve sub-themes were obtained; namely multiple sources of difficulties, including travel difficulties, learning difficulties, social difficulties and difficulties in daily life; need for external support, including insufficient family support, school support needs to be improved, need for peer support and insufficient social support; negative and positive adaptation coexist, including negative adaptation and positive adaptation; and negative coping and positive coping coexist, including positive coping and negative coping.

Conclusion The psychological resilience of visually impaired adolescents is characterized by multiple sources of difficulties, insufficient external support, coexistence of positive and negative adaptation, and coexistence of positive and negative coping. A joint family-school-society support system should be formed to reduce the source of their difficulties, and help them establish positive adaptation and positive coping methods, to enhance their psychological resilience.

Key words: visual impairment, adolescents, psychological resilience, qualitative study

中图分类号:

孙莹, 张强, 章鑫鑫, 王若晨. 视力障碍青少年心理韧性特点的质性研究[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2024, 30(1): 29-35.

SUN Ying, ZHANG Qiang, ZHANG Xinxin, WANG Ruochen. Psychological resilience characteristics of visually impaired adolescents: a qualitative study[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2024, 30(1): 29-35.

图/表 2

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编号	性别	年龄/岁	学历	视力情况	家庭构成	致残原因	居住地
C1	女	18	大学	全盲	父母与弟弟	先天	农村
C2	女	14	初中	全盲	父母与哥哥	先天	城市
C3	男	17	高中	全盲	父母与妹妹	先天	农村
C4	男	16	高中	低视力	父母与弟弟	先天	城市
C5	女	15	初中	低视力	父母与哥哥	后天	农村
C6	女	19	大学	全盲	父母与弟弟	后天	农村
C7	男	18	大学	全盲	父母与弟弟	先天	农村
C8	男	16	高中	全盲	父母与弟弟	先天	农村
C9	女	13	初中	低视力	父母与妹妹	先天	农村
C10	女	19	大学	低视力	父母与哥哥	先天	农村
C11	女	15	初中	低视力	父母与哥哥	先天	农村
C12	男	17	高中	全盲	母亲与妹妹	先天	城市
C13	女	13	初中	低视力	父母	先天	城市

视力障碍青少年心理韧性特点的质性研究

Psychological resilience characteristics of visually impaired adolescents: a qualitative study

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主题	子主题
困难来源多	出行困难学习困难社交困难日常生活困难
需要外界支持	家庭支持不足学校支持有待提升需要同伴支持社会支持不足
积极适应和消极适应并存	积极适应消极适应
积极应对和消极应对并存	积极应对消极应对

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