《中国康复理论与实践》

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2025, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 141-149.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2025.02.003

• 专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于创造性问题解决模型的孤独症谱系障碍儿童电子绘本模式建构与干预效果

佘慧莉1, 蔡文竹1, 蒋瑜1, 方亭亭2(), 章文佩3, 沈汝婷4   

  1. 1.安徽工业大学艺术与设计学院，安徽马鞍山市 243000
    2.安徽工业大学心理健康教育咨询中心，安徽马鞍山市 243000
    3.安徽工业大学管理与工程学院，安徽马鞍山市 243000
    4.马鞍山市特殊教育学校，安徽马鞍山市 243000
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-14 修回日期:2024-12-09 出版日期:2025-02-25 发布日期:2025-02-25
  • 通讯作者: 方亭亭(1996-)，女，安徽芜湖市人，硕士，讲师，主要研究方向：心理学、艺术治疗数字化研究，E-mail： fangtting1996@126.com。
  • 作者简介:佘慧莉(1982-)，女，汉族，安徽芜湖市人，硕士，副教授，主要研究方向：艺术治疗数字化研究、视觉传达。
  • 基金资助:
    教育部人文社会科学研究规划项目(24YJAZH120)

Electronic picture books for children with autism spectrum disorder based on Creative Problem Solving model: construction and intervention

SHE Huili1, CAI Wenzhu1, JIANG Yu1, FANG Tingting2(), ZHANG Wenpei3, SHEN Ruting4   

  1. 1. School of Art and Design, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui 243000, China
    2. Mental Health Education and Consultation Center, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui 243000, China
    3. School of Management and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui 243000, China
    4. Maanshan Institute of Special Education, Maanshan, Anhui 243000, China
  • Received:2024-11-14 Revised:2024-12-09 Published:2025-02-25 Online:2025-02-25
  • Contact: FANG Tingting, E-mail: fangtting1996@126.com
  • Supported by:
    Ministry of Education Foundation for Humanities and Social Sciences(24YJAZH120)

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摘要：

目的 基于创造性问题解决(CPS)模型建立孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童电子绘本教育干预框架，观察干预活动在提升ASD儿童社会功能方面的效果。

方法 基于CPS模型设计电子绘本，包括绘本阅读的程序设计、绘本的交互动画设计和配套绘本内容的艺术活动。2023年3月至6月，招募马鞍山市特殊教育学校轻中度ASD儿童24例，随机分为试验组1 (CPS模型认知类绘本干预，n = 8)、试验组2 (CPS模型社交类绘本干预，n = 8)和对照组(基于布鲁姆分类法电子绘本干预，n = 8)，干预4周，共12次。治疗前后采用孤独症治疗评估量表(ATEC)言语、社交、感知觉和健康行为4个维度进行评定，计算治疗前后差值。

结果 各组间社交分和感知觉分差值有显著性差异(F > 4.344, P < 0.05)，健康行为分差值有接近显著性差异(F = 2.921, P = 0.076)。两两比较，2个试验组的社交分差值均高于对照组(P < 0.05)；试验组1感知觉分差值明显高于试验组2 (P < 0.01)，但与对照组均无显著性差异(P > 0.05)；试验组2健康行为分差值高于对照组(P < 0.05)，试验组1差值略高于对照组(P = 0.072)。

结论 基于CPS模型的电子绘本干预可能对提升ASD儿童的社交、感知觉和健康行为更加有效，但不同模式间可能存在差异。

关键词: 孤独症谱系障碍, 艺术治疗, 电子绘本, 创造性问题解决, 布鲁姆分类法

Abstract:

Objective To establish an educational intervention framework of electronic picture books for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) based on Creative Problem Solving (CPS) model, and observe the effect on social function.

Methods Electronic picture books were designed using CPS model, including the program of reading, interactive animation design and associated artistic activities. From March to June, 2023, 24 children with mild to moderate ASD were recruited from Maanshan Institute of Special Education, and randomly assigned into experimental group 1 (CPS-based cognitive picture book interventions, n = 8), experimental group 2 (CPS-based social picture book interventions, n = 8) and control group (Bloom's Taxonomy-based picture book interventions, n = 8), and received the interventions for four weeks, with a total of twelve times. They were assessed with speech, social, perceptual and health behavior using Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) before and after treatment, and the differences were calculated.

Results There was a significant difference among the groups in the social and perceptual scores differences (F > 4.344, P < 0.05) and a near-significant difference in the health behaviour score difference (F = 2.921, P = 0.076). Post Hoc test showed that the differences in social scores were higher in both experimental groups than in the control group (P < 0.05); the difference in perceptual scores was significantly higher in experimental group 1 than in experimental group 2 (P < 0.01), but there was no significant difference with the control group (P > 0.05); the difference in health behavior scores was higher in experimental group 2 than in the control (P < 0.05), and the difference in experimental group 1 was slightly higher than in the control group (P = 0.072).

Conclusion Electronic picture book interventions based on the CPS model may be more effective in enhancing social, perceptual and health behavior in children with ASD, but there may be differences among models.

Key words: autism spectrum disorder, art therapy, electronic picture book, Creative Problem Solving, Bloom's taxonomy

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