1999年至2025年脊髓电刺激治疗脊髓损伤研究的文献计量分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2026.04.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的分析脊髓电刺激技术(SCS)治疗脊髓损伤领域的研究热点和发展趋势。

方法检索Web of Science (WOS)核心合集数据库SCS治疗脊髓损伤的相关文献，检索时限1999年1月至2025年7月。采用VOSviewer 1.6.20和CiteSpace 6.4.R2对文献的年度发文量、国家、作者、机构、期刊和关键词进行分析。

结果共纳入636篇。1999年至2025年该领域发文量总体呈上升趋势，近几年虽有波动但趋向稳定。发文量最多的国家是美国(429篇)，其次是俄罗斯(98篇)和中国(70篇)。发文量最多的机构是University of California, Los Angeles (76篇)，发文量最多的作者是V. Reggie Edgerton (70篇)，发文量最多的期刊是Journal of Clinical Medicine (31篇)。被引频次最高的研究，核心内容是探索将脊髓硬膜外电刺激与特异性任务训练相结合，用于恢复完全性脊髓损伤患者的运动功能。关键词分析显示，该领域研究热点主要集中在神经调控机制、运动与自主神经功能障碍恢复、人工智能、闭环刺激和脑机接口等技术创新方向。近年来，研究重点逐渐从基础机制转向个性化、精准化的多功能康复策略。

结论 SCS治疗脊髓损伤领域历经基础机制探索和临床应用拓展阶段，目前关注热点及未来研究趋势主要集中在开发新型刺激模式和创新技术联合等方向。

关键词: 脊髓损伤, 脊髓电刺激, 文献计量学

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the research hotspots and development trends in the field of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) for spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods Literature about SCS for SCI was retrieve from the Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection database, with a time range from January, 1999 to July, 2025. VOSviewer 1.6.20 and CiteSpace 6.4.R2 were used to analyze the annual publication volume, countries, authors, institutions, journals and keywords.

Results A total of 636 literatures were included. From 1999 to 2025, the overall publication trend in this field showed an upward trajectory, with recent years fluctuating but tending to stabilize. The country with the most publications was the United States (429 papers), followed by Russia (98 papers) and China (70 papers). The institution with the highest number of publications was the University of California, Los Angeles (76 papers), the author with the most publications was V. Reggie Edgerton (70 papers), and the journal with the most publications was Journal of Clinical Medicine (31 papers). The most frequently cited study focused on exploring the combination of epidural spinal cord stimulation with task-specific training to restore motor function in patients with complete SCI. Keyword analysis showed that the research hotspots in this field were mainly focused on neuroregulation mechanisms, recovery of motor and autonomic nervous dysfunction, artificial intelligence, closed-loop stimulation and brain-computer interface technology innovations. In recent years, the research focus gradually shifted from basic mechanisms to personalized and precise multifunctional rehabilitation strategies.

Conclusion The field of SCS for SCI has undergone phases of basic mechanism exploration and clinical application expansion. Current research hotspots and future trends focus primarily on the development of new stimulation paradigms and combined innovative technologies.

Key words: spinal cord injury, spinal cord stimulation, bibliometrics

中图分类号:

R651.2

齐圆圆, 高海峰, 刘丽娜, 谢宇杰, 徐静, 高峰, 陈亮, 杨德刚, 李军. 1999年至2025年脊髓电刺激治疗脊髓损伤研究的文献计量分析[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2026, 32(4): 373-386.

QI Yuanyuan, GAO Haifeng, LIU Lina, XIE Yujie, XU Jing, GAO Feng, CHEN Liang, YANG Degang, LI Jun. Spinal cord stimulation for spinal cord injury from 1999 to 2025: a bibliometric analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2026, 32(4): 373-386.

图/表 17

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表 7

关键词聚类及相关关键词"

聚类号	标签	LLR聚类代表关键词
#0	spinal cord stimulation	spinal cord stimulation、electrode、column stimulation、neurostimulation、neuropathic pain、back surgery syndrome、dorsal horn neurons、spinal reflexes、autonomic reflex pathway、cortical excitability
#1	motor recovery	motor recovery、functional recovery、hand function、gait、neural plasticity、circuit reorganization、pattern generators、interlimb coordination、motor training
#2	artificial intelligence	artificial intelligence、system、guidelines、strategy、classification、computational simulation
#3	lower limb	lower limb、soleus H reflex、leg muscles、reflex、reciprocal inhibition、muscle strength、motor rehabilitation、fatigue、voluntary movement
#4	dysfunction	dysfunction、neurogenic bladder、external urethral sphincter、neural control、dysesthetic pain、lower urinary tract、back pain
#5	modulation	modulation、activity-dependent plasticity、stimulation、motor control、pattern、volitional control、corticospinal tract
#6	cough	restore cough、expiratory muscles、cervical spinal cord、high-frequency stimulation、current density、BDNF
#7	autonomic function	autonomic function、cardiovascular function、bowel management、autonomic dysreflexia、orthostatic hypotension
#8	respiratory muscles	respiratory muscles、abdominal muscles、contractile property、mechanical insufflation exsufflation、airway pressure、tetraplegic subjects
#9	spinal cord	spinal cord、cord dorsum potentials、spinally evoked motor potentials、spasticity、epidural spinal stimulation
#10	diaphragm pacing	diaphragm pacing、diaphragm、intercostal muscles、phrenic nerve、respiratory paralysis、motor complete paraplegia、contusion injury、inspiratory muscles、intermittent hypoxia、cervical cord
#11	functional electrical stimulation	functional electrical stimulation、dorsal column stimulation、central pattern generator、intraspinal microstimulation、bladder contractions、locomotion、assistive technology、dynamic contractions
#12	spinal cord injury	spinal cord injury、neuromodulation、bladder control、detrusor hyperreflexia、electric stimulation therapy、araplegia、conditional stimulation、afferents
#13	interneurons	Interneurons、fictive locomotion、control of movement、circuits、lumbar cord、afferent stimulation、spatiotemporal neuromodulation、axon regeneration
#14	brain-computer interfaces	brain-computer interfaces、EEG、implantation、functional restoration、ambulation、motoneurons

表 7

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排名	国家	发文量/n	被引量	平均被引量	连接强度
1	美国	429	18997	44.28	334
2	俄罗斯	98	8380	85.51	167
3	中国	70	1642	23.46	57
4	英国	62	3950	63.71	122
5	加拿大	58	2096	36.14	78

排名	机构	发文量/n	被引量	平均被引量	连接强度
1	University of California, Los Angeles	76	7296	96.00	148
2	University of Louisville	57	3411	59.84	73
3	Pavlov Institute of Physiology	52	6775	130.29	120
4	Case Western Reserve University	36	778	21.61	29
5	Mayo Clinic	36	1121	31.14	55

排名	作者	国家	机构	发文量/n	被引量	平均被引量	H指数	连接强度
1	V. Reggie Edgerton	美国	Ranchos Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Center	70	6608	94.40	108	241
2	Yury Gerasimenko	美国	Pavlov Institute of Physiology	57	6002	105.30	7	198
3	Susan J. Harkema	美国	University of Louisville	44	3206	72.86	50	81
4	Igor Lavrov	美国	Mayo Clinic	36	2413	67.03	27	115
5	Roland R. Roy	美国	University of California, Los Angeles	36	3083	85.64	85	140

排名	期刊	发文量/n	被引量	平均被引量	IF	JCR
1	Journal of Clinical Medicine	31	350	11.29	2.9	Q1
2	Frontiers in Neuroscience	26	555	21.35	3.2	Q2
3	Journal of Neurophysiology	26	886	34.08	2.1	Q3
4	Experimental Neurology	21	571	27.19	4.2	Q1
5	IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering	21	735	35.00	5.2	Q1

排名	作者	年份	题名	期刊	被引频次	连接强度
1	Susan J. Harkema等^[11]	2011	Effect of epidural stimulation of the lumbosacral spinal cord on voluntary movement, standing, and assisted stepping after motor complete paraplegia: a case study	The Lancet	281	2696
2	Claudia A. Angeli等 ^[12]	2014	Altering spinal cord excitability enables voluntary movements after chronic complete paralysis in humans	Brain	204	2259
3	Claudia A. Angeli等^[13]	2018	Recovery of over-ground walking after chronic motor complete spinal cord injury	New England Journal of Medicine	159	1855
4	Fabien B. Wagner等^[14]	2018	Targeted neurotechnology restores walking in humans with spinal cord injury	Nature	157	1770
5	Megan L. Gill等^[15]	2018	Neuromodulation of lumbosacral spinal networks enables independent stepping after complete paraplegia	Nature Medicine	150	1785