康复机器人训练对偏瘫儿童腹肌厚度和平衡能力的效果

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2026.08.006

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2026, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (8): 927-937.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2026.08.006

康复机器人训练对偏瘫儿童腹肌厚度和平衡能力的效果

梁艳华¹^,^2a, 张通¹^,^2b(), 张琦¹^,^2a, 周天添¹^,^2a, 张燕庆¹^,^2a, 岳青¹^,^2a, 李思佳¹^,^2a

¹ 首都医科大学康复医学院，北京市 100068
² 中国康复研究中心北京博爱医院，a. 运动疗法一科；b. 神经康复科，北京市 100068

收稿日期:2026-02-05 修回日期:2026-04-08 接受日期:2026-04-09 出版日期:2026-08-25 发布日期:2026-08-25
通讯作者: 张通，E-mail： Tom611@126.com
作者简介:梁艳华(1988-)，女，汉族，陕西咸阳市人，硕士，主管技师，主要研究方向：运动康复。
张通(1961-)，男，汉族，北京市人，博士，主任医师，博士研究生导师，主要研究方向：神经康复。

Effect of rehabilitation robot training on abdominal muscle thickness and balance ability in children with hemiplegia

Liang Yanhua¹^,^2a, Zhang Tong¹^,^2b(), Zhang Qi¹^,^2a, Zhou Tiantian¹^,^2a, Zhang Yanqing¹^,^2a, Yue Qing¹^,^2a, Li Sijia¹^,^2a

¹ Capital Medical University School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Beijing 100068, China
² a. Department of Pediatric Physical Therapy; b. Department of Neurology, Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 100068, China

Received:2026-02-05 Revised:2026-04-08 Accepted:2026-04-09 Published:2026-08-25 Online:2026-08-25
Contact: Zhang Tong，E-mail： Tom611@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的观察康复机器人训练对偏瘫儿童腹肌厚度和平衡能力的影响。

方法 2024年10月至2025年12月，北京博爱医院收治的偏瘫儿童58例，随机分为对照组(n = 29)和试验组(n = 29)。两组均接受常规康复治疗，试验组增加康复机器人训练，共4周。训练前后比较双侧腹外斜肌、腹内斜肌和腹横肌厚度，Berg平衡量表(BBS)评分，计时-起立行走测试(TUGT)时间，压力中心(COP)椭圆面积，10 m步行测试的自选步行速度(SWS)和最大步行速度(MWS)。

结果两组各脱落3例。训练后，试验组偏瘫侧腹外斜肌、腹内斜肌、腹横肌厚度均显著增加(|t| > 7.280, P < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.43~2.01)，试验组明显优于对照组(|t| > 2.895, P < 0.01, Cohen's d = 0.80~1.60)；两组BBS评分均显著增加(|t| > 6.667, P < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.30~4.06)，试验组明显优于对照组(t = -2.721, P < 0.01, Cohen's d = 0.75)；两组TUGT时间均显著减少(t > 5.790, P < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.14~2.68)，试验组优于对照组(t = 2.290, P < 0.05, Cohen's d = 0.63)；两组SWS和MWS均明显增加(|Z| > 2.910, P < 0.01, r = 0.40~0.68)，试验组优于对照组(|Z| > 2.912, P < 0.05, r = 0.40~0.45)，校正后仍有显著性差异。

结论康复机器人训练可以改善偏瘫儿童偏瘫侧腹外斜肌、腹内斜肌和腹横肌厚度，改善平衡功能和步行功能。

关键词: 偏瘫, 儿童, 康复机器人, 腹肌, 平衡

Abstract:

Objective To observe the effect of rehabilitation robot training on abdominal muscles thickness and balance ability in children with hemiplegia.

Methods From October, 2024 to December, 2025, 58 children with hemiplegia were admitted to Beijing Bo'ai Hospital and randomly divided into control group (n = 29) and experimental group (n= 29). Both groups received conventional rehabilitation treatment, and the experimental group received rehabilitation robot training in addition, for four weeks. The thickness of bilateral external oblique, internal oblique and transversus abdominis, Berg Balance Scale (BBS) score, the time of Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT), the center of pressure (COP) ellipse area, and self-selected walking speed (SWS) and maximum walking speed (MWS) of 10-meter walk test were compared before and after training.

Results Three cases dropped out in each group. After training, the thickness of the external oblique, internal oblique and transverse abdominis on the hemiplegic side increased significantly in the experimental group (|t| > 7.280, P < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.43~2.01), and was better in the experimental group than in the control group (|t| > 2.895, P < 0.01, Cohen's d = 0.80~1.60); the BBS score increased in both groups (|t| > 6.667, P < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.30~4.06), and was better in the experimental group than in the control group (t = -2.721, P < 0.01, Cohen's d = 0.75). The time of TUGT decreased in both groups (t > 5.790, P < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.14~2.68), and was better in the experimental group than in the control group (t = 2.290, P < 0.05, Cohen's d = 0.63). The SWS and MWS increased in both groups (|Z| > 2.910, P < 0.01, r = 0.40~0.68), and were better in the experimental group than in the control group (|Z| > 2.912, P < 0.05, r = 0.40~0.45), and the differences remained significant after correction.

Conclusion Rehabilitation robot training can improve the thickness of external oblique, the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles on the hemiplegic side in children with hemiplegia, and improve their balance and walking functions.

Key words: hemiplegia, children, rehabilitation robot, abdominal muscles, balance

中图分类号:

R742

梁艳华, 张通, 张琦, 周天添, 张燕庆, 岳青, 李思佳. 康复机器人训练对偏瘫儿童腹肌厚度和平衡能力的效果[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2026, 32(8): 927-937.

Liang Yanhua, Zhang Tong, Zhang Qi, Zhou Tiantian, Zhang Yanqing, Yue Qing, Li Sijia. Effect of rehabilitation robot training on abdominal muscle thickness and balance ability in children with hemiplegia[J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2026, 32(8): 927-937.

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组别	n	性别(男/女)/n	年龄/岁	脑损伤(脑瘫/脑卒中/颅脑创伤)n	Brunnstrom分期(Ⅲ/Ⅳ)/n
对照组	29	17/12	9.03±0.34	8/16/5	15/14
试验组	29	18/11	9.00±0.34	9/14/6	16/13
χ²/t值		0.072	0.072	0.283	0.069
P值		0.788	0.943	0.868	0.792

变量	组别	n	测试	$\stackrel{-}{x}\pm s$	t值	P值	Cohen's d
腹外斜肌	对照组	26	前测	3.54±0.14	-2.132	0.043	0.42
			后测	3.60±0.13
	试验组	26	前测	3.63±0.15	-2.287	0.031	0.45
			后测	3.70±0.14
	治疗前均值差			-0.09±0.21	-0.442	0.660	0.12
	治疗后均值差			-0.10±0.19	-0.525	0.602	0.14
腹内斜肌	对照组	26	前测	4.33±0.14	-1.551	0.133	0.30
			后测	4.38±0.12
	试验组	26	前测	4.45±0.14	-1.742	0.094	0.34
			后测	4.49±0.13
	治疗前均值差			-0.11±0.20	-0.571	0.571	0.16
	治疗后均值差			-0.11±0.18	-0.614	0.542	0.17
腹横肌	对照组	26	前测	2.07±0.04	0.866	0.395	0.17
			后测	2.05±0.03
	试验组	26	前测	2.11±0.04	0.473	0.640	0.09
			后测	2.10±0.02
	治疗前均值差			-0.04±0.06	-0.717	0.477	0.20
	治疗后均值差			-0.05±0.05	-1.224	0.227	0.34

变量	组别	n	测试	$\stackrel{-}{x}\pm s$	t值	P值	Cohen's d
腹外斜肌	对照组	26	前测	3.02±0.15	-8.062	< 0.001	1.58
			后测	3.22±0.16
	试验组	26	前测	3.33±0.13	-7.280	< 0.001	1.43
			后测	3.87±0.16
	治疗前均值差			0.32±0.20	-1.613	0.113	0.45
	治疗后均值差			0.65±0.22	-2.895	0.006	0.80
腹内斜肌	对照组	26	前测	4.17±0.15	-1.476	0.153	0.29
			后测	4.21±0.15
	试验组	26	前测	4.26±0.13	-10.902	< 0.001	2.14
			后测	4.94±0.14
	治疗前均值差			-0.09±0.20	-0.458	0.649	0.13
	治疗后均值差			-0.73±0.20	-3.571	0.001	1.60
腹横肌	对照组	26	前测	2.00±0.05	1.551	0.133	0.30
			后测	2.04±0.05
	试验组	26	前测	2.05±0.04	10.217	< 0.001	2.01
			后测	2.48±0.06
	治疗前均值差			-0.54±0.06	-0.904	0.370	0.25
	治疗后均值差			-0.44±0.08	-5.818	< 0.001	1.60

组别	n	测试	$\stackrel{-}{x}\pm s$	t值	P值	Cohen's d
对照组	26	前测	39.88±0.60	-6.667	< 0.001	1.30
		后测	41.54±0.60
试验组	26	前测	39.12±0.65	-20.667	< 0.001	4.06
		后测	43.88±0.62
治疗前两组均值差			0.77±0.88	-0.874	0.386	0.24
治疗后两组均值差			-2.35±0.86	-2.721	0.009	0.75

组别	n	测试	$\stackrel{-}{x}\pm s$	t值	P值	Cohen's d
对照组	26	前测	13.40±0.72	5.790	< 0.001	1.14
		后测	12.35±0.63
试验组	26	前测	13.91±0.70	13.663	< 0.001	2.68
		后测	10.32±0.63
治疗前两组均值差			-0.51±1.01	-0.508	0.614	0.14
治疗后两组均值差			2.03±0.89	2.290	0.026	0.63

康复机器人训练对偏瘫儿童腹肌厚度和平衡能力的效果

Effect of rehabilitation robot training on abdominal muscle thickness and balance ability in children with hemiplegia

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组别	n	测试	$\stackrel{-}{x}\pm s$	t值	P值	Cohen's d
对照组	26	前测	1796.65±147.74	6.686	< 0.001	1.31
		后测	1741.42±143.82
试验组	26	前测	1782.15±141.03	9.333	< 0.001	1.83
		后测	1352.15±115.57
治疗前两组均值差			14.50±204.24	0.071	0.944	0.02
治疗后两组均值差			389.27±184.50	2.110	0.040	0.59

变量	组别	n	测试	M(Q_L, Q_U)	Z值	P值	效应量r
SWS	对照组	26	前测	0.86(0.57, 1.07)	-3.179	0.001	0.44
			后测	0.96(0.72, 1.09)
	试验组	26	前测	0.81(0.69, 1.05)	-4.903	< 0.001	0.68
			后测	1.14(1.02, 1.20)
	治疗前差值			-0.04(-0.12, -0.02)	-0.092	0.927	0.01
	治疗后差值			-0.23(-0.39, -1.13)	-3.223	0.001	0.45
MWS	对照组	26	前测	1.30(1.00, 1.40)	-2.910	0.004	0.40
			后测	1.32(1.13, 1.44)
	试验组	26	前测	1.28(1.12, 1.41)	-4.463	< 0.001	0.62
			后测	1.53(1.37, 1.64)
	治疗前差值			-0.10(-0.13, 0.00)	-0.192	0.848	0.03
	治疗后差值			-0.21(-0.34, -0.18)	-2.912	0.004	0.40

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