目的探讨睡姿指导对早产儿扁头综合征发生率的影响。方法2012 年10 月~2015 年9 月，321 例入住新生儿重症监护室(NICU)的早产儿随机分为睡姿指导组(n=159)和对照组(n=162)。睡姿指导组在婴儿入住NICU后及出院后儿保门诊随访时给予睡姿指导，对照组给予常规治疗。比较两组婴儿6 月龄时扁头综合征发生率。结果睡姿指导组轻度(χ2=6.591, P=0.010)、中度(χ2=4.862, P=0.027)、重度(χ2=11.261, P=0.001)扁头综合征发生率均少于对照组。结论睡姿指导可降低早产儿扁头综合征的发生率。

Objective To investigate the effect of sleep position guidance on deformational plagiocephaly and/or brachycephaly (DPB) in the prematures. Methods 321 preterm infants in neonatal intensive care unit from October, 2012 to September, 2015 were divided into sleep positions guidance group (n=159) and control group (n=162). The sleep positions guidance group accepted sleeping positions guidance when they were in neonatal intensive care unit and followed up in child care clinic, and the control group accepted routine treatment and nursing. The incidences of DPB were compared. Results The incidences of mild (χ2=6.591, P=0.010), moderate (χ2=4.862, P=0.027) and severe (χ2=11.261, P=0.001) DPB were less in the sleep positions guidance group than in the control group. Conclusion Sleeping positions guidance may reduce the incidence of DPB in prematures.