重复经颅磁刺激通过改变大脑皮质的兴奋性，改善脑血流和代谢，调节神经递质表达，改变神经系统可塑性，降低背根神经节内过度表达的神经元型一氧化氮合酶、抑制星形胶质细胞活性等途径，发挥治疗神经病理性疼痛的作用，目前已用于带状疱疹后神经痛、脑卒中后丘脑痛、脊髓损伤后神经痛、幻肢痛、三叉神经术后非典型面痛等的治疗中，疗效与刺激部位、频率、脉冲数、刺激器形状、刺激强度等因素有关。

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may release neuropathic pain (NeP) by changing the excitability of cortex, improving the cerebral blood flow, regulating the expression of neurotransmitter, fitting the plasticity, reducing the overexpression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase and overaction of astrocyte, etc. It is used for management of post- herpetic neuralgia, thalamic pain after stroke, NeP after spinal cord injury, phantom limb pain, atypical facial pain post operation of trigeminal nerve, etc. The outcome is associated with the location, frequency, pulses, intensity of stimulation, as well as the shape of the stimulator, etc.