认知-姿势控制双任务研究范式关注认知与神经肌肉行为控制的相互影响。与传统的单任务步态测试相比，认知-姿势控制双任务测试在评估老年人，尤其是中枢神经系统疾病患者的跌倒风险方面更加敏感、有效。认知-姿势控制双任务训练对老年人的运动和认知能力都有积极效应，但是否比单纯的认知或者运动训练更为有效，仍存在争议。

Dual-task diagram focuses on the interaction between cognition and motor control, and has been applied in falls predictor and training in old people. It was found that dual-task diagram is a more sensitive and useful method than gait test to predict the risk of falls in the older people, especially for those with central nervous system disease. The dual-task training can improve the cognitive and physical abilities of the older adults, but it is argued that combined cognitive and physical exercise is more beneficial than either one individually.