目的 调查多次入院冠心病患者的疾病认知情况。方法 选取2015年7月至12月多次住院冠心病患者198例,采用修订版疾病感知问卷(IPQ-R)对其进行调查。结果 症状辨别平均得分为(4.55±1.64);患者经历最多的症状是胸痛、胸部不适、出冷汗、心慌及呼吸困难。病情认知部分,治疗控制、疾病后果认知两维度得分超过中间分3分。病因估计部分,患者的首位疾病归因是食物或饮食习惯(3.38±0.90),其次是自然老化的过程(3.38±0.89);对患者归因因素各条目进行因子分析,其中免疫因素的得分最高,其次是压力因素。结论 多次住院冠心病患者的疾病认知水平处于中等水平,个体差异较明显,有待提高,医护人员应加强对患者疾病感知重视和干预。
Objective To investigate the level about illness perception in patients with coronary heart disease. Methods From July to December, 2015, 198 inpatients with coronary heart disease who were admitted into hospitals twice or more were enrolled. They were assessed with Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised (IPQ-R). Results The score of common symptoms was (4.55±1.64). The symptoms, for example, chest pains, uncomfortable feeling in chest, cold sweat, flustered and breathlessness were most frequently experienced and most often identified. For the illness perception part, the scores on subscales of treatment control and consequences were higher than 3, which was the neutral point. For the cause dimension part, the highest scores was (3.38±0.90) in diet or eating habits, followed by (3.38±0.89) in aging. Among these factors, immune factors had the highest mean score, followed by stress factor. Conclusion The level of illness perception in patients with coronary heart disease was in the middle level, and individual differences were obvious. The awareness of the disease and the intervention of the patient should be strengthened.
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