目的探讨单侧小腿截肢者穿戴假肢后的步行特点。方法2016年4至12月,20例单侧小腿截肢穿戴假肢者为实验组,20名健康成年人为对照组,分别进行L测试、静态站立平衡测试、室内6分钟步行测试(6MWT)和室外1000 m复杂路面步行测试。结果L测试中,穿戴定踝软跟脚和储能脚患者的完成时间无显著性差异(t=0.675, P>0.05)。平衡测试中,实验组和对照组重心轨迹面积、重心轨迹长度、X最大偏移量和Y最大偏移量无显著性差异(t<0.803, P>0.05)。6MWT中,实验组和对照组各项参数均存在非常显著性差异(t>2.774, P<0.01)。室外1000 m步行测试完成时间和能量消耗实验组和对照组间存在非常高度显著性差异(t>4.130, P<0.001)。结论单侧小腿截肢穿戴假肢者与正常人的行走功能存在差异;不同类型假脚可能对患者步行能力产生影响。
ObjectiveTo investigate walking ability of amputees with unilateral transtibial prosthesis. MethodsFrom April to December, 2016, 20 unilateral transtibial amputees (patients) and 20 healthy adults (controls) were tested with L test, balance test, 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and 1000 m walking outdoor on various terrain. ResultsThere was no significant difference in time of L test between the amputees wearing Solid Ankle Cushion Heel (SACH) and Storage Foot (t=0.675, P>0.05). In balance tests, there was no significant difference in the total track length, confidence ellipse area, maximum horizontal deviation and maximum vertical deviation between the patients and the controls (t<0.803, P>0.05). Each parameter was significantly different in 6MWT between them (t>2.774, P<0.01), as well as the time and energy expenditure of outdoor 1000 m walk test (t>4.130, P<0.001). ConclusionThe walking ability of the unilateral transtibial amputees wearing prostheses is different from normal people. The transtibial prosthetic feet that the amputees wear may impact their walking ability.
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