目的 探讨肺康复对慢性精神分裂症患者肺部感染稳定期肺功能及日常生活活动能力(ADL)的影响。方法 2014年1月至2017年7月，62例慢性精神分裂症并发肺部感染稳定期患者随机分为观察组(n=31)和对照组(n=31)。两组均接受常规治疗，观察组在常规治疗的基础上进行肺康复，共2个月。治疗前后比较两组6分钟步行实验(6MWT)、改良Barthel指数(MBI)、改良英国医学研究委员会呼吸困难量表(mMRC)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、Zung焦虑自评量表和Zung抑郁自评量表结果。结果 治疗后，观察组总有效率高于对照组(χ2=5.415, P=0.020)；与对照组比较，观察组6MWT距离增大(t=5.463, P=0.008)，MBI评分增加(t=2.142, P=0.028)，mMRC评分下降(t=3.689, P=0.013)，CRP水平下降(t=-2.179, P=0.031)，Zung焦虑自评量表得分(t=5.048, P=0.009)和Zung抑郁自评量表得分(t=-1.388, P=0.045)均降低。结论 在慢性精神分裂症患者并发肺部感染稳定期及早实施肺康复治疗，可改善患者的ADL，提高运动耐力，减少感染的发生。
Objective To explore the effect of pulmonary rehabilitation on activities of daily living (ADL) and pulmonary function in patients with chronic schizophrenia complicated with pulmonary infection at stable stage.Methods From January, 2014 to July, 2017, 62 patients with chronic schizophrenia complicated with pulmonary infection at stable stage were randomly divided into control group (n=31) and observation group (n=31). Both groups accepted routine medication, while the observation group received pulmonary rehabilitation for two months in addition. The distance of 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), the modified Barthel index (MBI), modified British Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale (mMRC), C-reactive protein (CRP), Zung Anxiety Self-Rating Scale and Zung Depression Self-Rating Scale were compared before and after training.Results The total effective rate was higher in the observation group than in the control group (χ2=5.415, P=0.020). Compared with the control group, the distance of 6MWT increased (t=5.463, P=0.008), the score of MBI increased (t=2.142, P=0.028), the score of mMRC decreased (t=3.689, P=0.013), and the level of CRP decreased (t=-2.179, P=0.031) in the observation group. The scores of Zung Anxiety Self-Rating Scale (t=5.048, P=0.009) and Zung Depression Self-Rating Scale (t=-1.388, P=0.045) both decreased.Conclusion An early implementation of pulmonary rehabilitation could improve ADL and the exercise endurance, and reduce the incidence of infection in patients with chronic schizophrenia complicated with pulmonary infection at stable stage.
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