《中国康复理论与实践》

中国康复理论与实践 >

2018 , Vol. 24 >Issue 8: 880 - 883

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2018.08.002

专题 卒中后失语症的机制与康复

卒中后命名性失语症脑损伤定位的研究进展

  • 叶娜 ,
  • 张玉梅
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  • 1.首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经病学中心血管神经病学科,北京市 100050;
    2.国家神经系统疾病临床医学研究中心,北京市 100050;
    3.北京脑重大疾病研究院脑卒中研究所,北京市 100050;
    4.脑血管病转化医学北京市重点实验室,北京市 100050
叶娜(1992-),女,汉族,陕西榆林市人,硕士研究生,医师,主要研究方向：脑血管病、卒中后失语、认知障碍。通讯作者：张玉梅,主任医师,教授,博士研究生导师,主要研究方向：脑血管病、卒中后失语、认知障碍。

收稿日期: 2018-03-29

  修回日期: 2018-05-10

  网络出版日期: 2018-08-20

基金资助

1.北京市医院管理局“扬帆计划”重点扶持项目(No. ZYLX201836); 2.国家自然科学基金面上项目(No. 81371201); 3.首都医科大学基础与临床合作重点项目(No. 16JL03)

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Advance in Localization of Brain Injury for Post-stroke Anomic Aphasia (review)

  • YE Na ,
  • ZHANG Yu-mei
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  • 1. Department of Cerebral Vascular Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China;
    2. China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing 100050, China;
    3. Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100050, China;
    4. Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing 100050, China

Received date: 2018-03-29

  Revised date: 2018-05-10

  Online published: 2018-08-20

Supported by

Supported by Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Sail Plan (Key) (No. ZYLX201836), National Natural Science Foundation of China (General) (No. 81371201) and Capital Medical University Research Project for Basic and Clinical Cooperation (Key) (No. 16JL03)

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摘要

卒中后命名性失语症特指以命名不能为主要症状的卒中后失语综合征,其脑损伤部位一直不明确。近年来,基于MRI T1WI的脑区定位研究发现,卒中后慢性期命名性失语症病变部位不确定,而急性期命名性失语症病变部位多位于优势半球颞叶;基于弥散张量成像的研究提示,皮质下白质,尤其是左侧额下回白质在命名加工中发挥重要作用;基于fMRI的脑网络研究认为,命名性失语症患者语言功能的损伤与一些特定灰质脑区间的连接破坏有关。认知心理学理论认为,语言加工可以划分为不同步骤,每一步又由不同脑区负责,而且对于不同词性,如动词和名词的加工,其过程也有不同。

关键词： 命名性失语; 卒中后失语; 皮质下白质; 脑网络; 图片命名; 综述

本文引用格式

叶娜 , 张玉梅 . 卒中后命名性失语症脑损伤定位的研究进展[J]. 中国康复理论与实践, 2018 , 24(8) : 880 -883 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2018.08.002

Abstract

The most important characteristic of post-stroke anomic aphasia is disorder in nomenclature, but the location of brain injury has been unclear. In recent years, it was found that, based on T1WI of MRI, the location is uncertain in chronic anomic aphasia after stroke, but it is mostly in temporal lobe of the dominant hemisphere in acute stage. Based on diffusion tensor imaging, the subcortical white matter, especially the left subfrontal white matter plays an important role in the naming process. The fMRI studies found that anomic aphasia is related to the destruction of the connections among some specific gray matter brain regions, named brain network theory. The cognitive psychology theory suggested that language processing can be further divided into different steps, each step is responsible for different brain regions; for different kinds of words, such as verbs and nouns, the processing involves different regions.

Key words： anomic aphasia; post-stroke aphasia; subcortical white matter; brain network; picture naming; review

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