目的 探讨不同类型膝关节贴扎对急停动作的生物力学机制,以预防膝关节损伤。方法 2017年3月至5月,对8例男性大学生采用运动学、动力学及肌电同步测试方法,获取传统贴扎、肌内效贴及无贴扎下,膝关节急停时的相关生物力学参数。结果 无贴扎时,水平力峰值(F = 3.131, P < 0.01)及水平负荷率(F = 2.912, P < 0.05)最大,水平力峰值出现时间最晚(F = 5.144, P < 0.001),压心前后位移最长(F = 4.291, P < 0.01);水平力峰值瞬间,无贴扎下膝关节屈曲程度最高(F = 8.141, P < 0.01);肌内效贴时,着地期膝关节角度变化最大(F = 5.491, P < 0.05);无贴扎时,着地期股直肌与腓肠肌肌电活动最高(F > 5.322, P < 0.01);传统贴扎下,45°、60°关节角主动复位误差最小(F > 5.631, P < 0.001)。结论 传统贴扎及肌内效贴均能有效限制前十字韧带前移;肌内效贴对维持膝关节最大屈曲角度更有效;传统贴扎提供更强的膝关节支撑,但对膝关节活动度限制更强。
Objective To explore the biomechanics of different methods of taping on knee during sudden stop action, to prevent knee from joint injury. Methods From March to May, 2017, Eight male college students without lower extremity disorders participated in this study. Their relevant biomechanical parameters were collected when sudden stopping with traditional taping, kinesio taping or no taping of knee, using kinematics, kinetics and electromyogram (EMG). Results Peak horizontal force (F = 3.131, P < 0.01) and horizontal loading rate (F = 2.912, P < 0.05) were the largest, center of pressure moved rearward the most (F = 4.291, P < 0.01), and time of peak horizontal force appearance was the latest (F = 5.144, P < 0.001) with no taping. When peak horizontal force appeared, the flex of knee was the most with no taping (F = 8.141, P < 0.01). The angle of of knee changed the most with kinesio taping during landing (F = 5.491, P < 0.05), while the EMG of rectus femoris and gastrocnemius was the most with no taping (F > 5.322, P < 0.01). The active reset error on 45° and 60° of joint angle was the least with traditional taping (F > 5.631, P < 0.001). Conclusion Traditional and kinesio taping can restrict the forward movement of anterior cruciate ligament, while the kinesio taping is more effective on the maximal knee joint flex, the traditional taping works well for supporting knee, but limiting the range of movement.
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