《中国康复理论与实践》

《中国康复理论与实践》

• 社区康复 • 上一篇    下一篇

社区围绝经期女性心血管病发病危险评估①

孙丹1，闫芳芳1，孟雨姗1，苑晓晓1，王雅莉1，盛嘉昭1，张伟宏1,2   

  1. 1.郑州大学护理学院，河南郑州市450000；2.社区健康维护系统河南省工程实验室，河南郑州市450000。
  • 出版日期:2016-05-25 发布日期:2016-07-04

Risk Assessment of Cardiovascular Disease in PerimenopausalWomen in Community

SUN Dan1,YAN Fang- fang1, MENG Yu- shan1, YUAN Xiao- xiao1, WANG Ya- li1, SHENG Jia- zhao1, ZHANG Wei-hong1,2   

  1. SUN Dan1,YAN Fang- fang1, MENG Yu- shan1, YUAN Xiao- xiao1, WANG Ya- li1, SHENG Jia- zhao1, ZHANG Wei-hong1,2
  • Published:2016-05-25 Online:2016-07-04

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摘要： 目的调查社区围绝经期女性心血管病危险因素的暴露情况，并评估未来10 年内发生心血管病的危险程度。方法2014 年9 月~2015 年5 月，多阶段随机抽取郑州市某社区常住围绝经期女性692 名进行调查，收集年龄、血压、体质量、吸烟史、糖尿病史和空腹血糖、血脂等资料，采用“国人缺血性心血管病(ICVD) 10 年发病危险评估表” 对各个年龄组进行评估。结果围绝经期女性高血压、血脂异常、超重或肥胖、糖尿病、吸烟的暴露率依次为14.3%、32.1%、59.2%、7.9%、0.6%；围绝经期女性10 年ICVD发病危险度为(2.01±3.04)%，随年龄增长，发病危险度逐渐升高(F=45.301, P<0.001)；高血压、血脂异常、吸烟的暴露率和10 年ICVD发病危险度等级分布在不同年龄组间有非常显著性差异(χ2>11.157, P<0.01)。结论社区围绝经期女性心血管病危险因素控制不理想，10 年ICVD风险水平较高，应根据危险分层，干预其主要危险因素。

关键词: 心血管疾病, 围绝经期, 危险因素, 风险评估

Abstract: Objective To investigate the cardiovascular risk factors in perimenopausal women and evaluate the risk for cardiovascular disease. Methods A total of 692 perimenopausal women permanent residents in a community of Zhengzhou from September, 2014 to May, 2015 were selected using multi-stage random sampling. Their age, blood pressure, body weight, smoking history, history of diabetes and fasting blood glucose, blood lipid and other information were collected. They were assessed with The National 10-Year Risk Assessment for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease (ICVD). Results Prevalence of the cardiovascular risk factors screened for were as follow: hypertension 14.3%, dyslipidemia 32.1%, overweight or obesity 59.2%, type 2 diabetes mellitus 7.9%, smoking 0.6%. The absolute risk for ICVD in the next 10 years averaged as (2.01±3.04)%, and increased with age. The incidence of high blood pressure, high total cholesterol, smoking, as well as the level of risk for ICVD were different among various age groups. Conclusion The cardiovascular factors are not controlled ideally in the perimenopausal women, and result in high risk of cardiovascular disease, which need a set of intervention as their risk stratification.

Key words: cardiovascular disease, perimenopause, risk factors, risk assessment