《中国康复理论与实践》

《中国康复理论与实践》

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

精神分裂症患者家属心理健康状况与应对方式的相关性①

冯辉，陈玉明，庄晓伟，刘寒   

  1. 上海市静安区精神卫生中心，上海市200040。
  • 出版日期:2016-08-25 发布日期:2016-09-22

Correlation between Mental Health and Coping Style of Family Members of Patients with Schizophrenia

FENG Hui, CHEN Yu-ming, ZHUANG Xiao-wei, LIU Han   

  1. Mental Health Center of Jingan District, Shanghai 200040, China
  • Published:2016-08-25 Online:2016-09-22

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摘要： 目的探讨精神分裂症患者家属心理健康状况与应对方式的相关性。方法2014 年12 月~2015 年1 月，应用自制调查问卷、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和简易应对方式量表对辖区5 个街道内312 名精神分裂症患者家属进行调查，并与国内常模比较，分析SDS和SAS与应对方式的相关性。结果精神分裂症患者家属SDS(t=34.39, P<0.001)、SAS(t=73.09, P<0.001)得分显著高于常模；与国内常模比较，本组研究对象较少采用积极应对方式(128 例，41%)(t=-16.70, P<0.001)，更多采用消极应对方式(184 例，59%) (t=-66.24, P<0.001)。精神分裂症患者家属SDS(r=-0.14, P<0.05)、SAS(r=-0.15, P=0.01)得分与积极应对方式得分呈负相关；SAS得分与消极应对方式得分呈正相关(r=0.27, P<0.001)。多因素Logistic 回归分析结果显示，女性患者家属相比男性容易产生焦虑和抑郁(P<0.05)；离婚者比在婚者更容易产生抑郁(P<0.05)。文化程度和家庭平均月收入是患者家属应对方式的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论精神分裂症患者家属心理健康状况不容乐观，女性患者家属相比男性更容易抑郁和焦虑。文化程度低、经济状况差的人较多采用消极应对方式，需要重点关注，并采取合适有效的干预措施。

关键词: 精神分裂症, 家属, 抑郁, 焦虑, 应对方式

Abstract: Objective To study the correlation between the mental health of family members of patients with schizophrenia and their coping style. Methods From December, 2014 to January, 2015, a total of 312 family members of patients with schizophrenia in 5 blocks were included. They were surveyed with self-made questionnaire, Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire. The results were compared with the national normal model, and the correlation between SDS, SAS and the coping style was also analyzed. Results Compared with the normal model, the SDS (t=34.39, P<0.001), SAS (t=73.09, P<0.001) scores were higher in schizophrenia families, and they used positive coping style (n=128, 41%) less (t=-16.70, P<0.001), and more often used negative coping style (n=184, 59%) (t=-66.24, P<0.001). The SDS (r=-0.14, P<0.05), SAS (r=-0.15, P=0.01) scores were negatively correlated with positive coping style, the SAS score was positively correlated with negative coping style (r=0.27, P<0.001). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that women were prone to be anxiety and depressed compared with men (P<0.05); the divorcees were prone to be depressed compared with thoses not divorced. Education level and average monthly household income were factors influencing their coping style (P<0.05). Conclusion The mental health of family members of patients with schizophrenia is not optimistic, the female family members are more likely to be depressed and anxious than males. People with low education level and poor economic conditions more often use negative coping style, which need to be focused on, and to take appropriate and effective intervention.

Key words: schizophrenia, family member, depression, anxiety, coping style