《中国康复理论与实践》

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2019, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (1): 22-28.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2019.01.005

• 专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

智力残疾人的职业康复：理论架构、方法与服务

王胜男1,2,3, 邱卓英1,2,4,5, 孙宏伟1,2,3, 邹敏1,2,3, 李安巧1,2,6   

  1. 1. 中国ICF研究院,山东潍坊市 261053;
    2. 世界卫生组织国际分类家族中国合作中心,北京市 100068;
    3. 潍坊医学院心理学系,山东潍坊市 261053;
    4. 中国康复研究中心康复信息研究所,北京市 100068;
    5.中国康复科学所,北京市 100068;
    6. 中国智力和发展性残疾分级、评估与康复(运动)重点实验室,郑州大学,河南郑州市 450001;
  • 收稿日期:2019-01-08 出版日期:2019-01-25 发布日期:2019-02-18
  • 通讯作者: 邱卓英、孙宏伟。E-mail： qiutiger@hotmail.com(邱卓英)、sunhw@wfmc. edu.cn(孙宏伟)
  • 作者简介:王胜男(1982-),女,汉族,山东潍坊市人,硕士,讲师,主要研究方向：心理健康、职业康复和康复咨询学。
  • 基金资助:
    1.中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(重大科学研究引导基金项目)(No. 2017CZ-7; No. 2018CZ-4); 2.证据科学教育部重点实验室(中国政法大学)开放基金资助课题(No. 2018KFKT07); 3.山东省卫生计生政策研究重点课题(No. 201837)

Vocational Rehabilitation for People with Intellectual Disability: Theoretical Framework, Approaches and Services

WANG Sheng-nan1,2,3, QIU Zhuo-ying1,2,4,5, SUN Hong-wei1,2,3, ZOU Min1,2,3, LI An-qiao1,2,6   

  1. 1. China Academy of ICF, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China;
    2. WHO-FIC Collaborating Center in China, Beijing 100068, China;
    3. Psychology Department, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China;
    4. Research Institute of Rehabilitation Information, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 100068, China;
    5.China Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Beijing 100068, China;
    6. China Key Laboratory of Classification, Evaluation and Rehabilitation Sport of Intellectual and Development Disability, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
  • Received:2019-01-08 Published:2019-01-25 Online:2019-02-18
  • Contact: QIU Zhuo-ying and SUN Hong-wei. E-mail: qiutiger@hotmail.com (QIU Zhuo-ying); sunhw@wfmc. edu.cn (SUN Hong-wei)
  • Supported by:
    National Special Fund Projects of Basic Research for Institutes at Central Governmental Level (Leading project of Major Scientific Research) (No. 2017CZ-7; No. 2018CZ-4), Opening Project of Key Laboratory of Evidence Science (China University of Political Science and Law, Ministry of Education) (No. 2018KFKT07) and Shandong Health and Family Planning Policy Research Program (No. 201837)

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摘要： 目的 构建智力残疾职业康复的理论和服务框架,为提升智力残疾人的体面就业提供依据。
方法 根据ICF,分析智力残疾人的就业障碍,并以此为基础提出智力残疾职业康复的内容和流程。
结果 根据ICF框架,智力残疾人的就业障碍包括主要功能障碍、就业相关功能障碍和就业环境三个方面。智力残疾的职业康复主要涉及职业评估、职业咨询、职业技能开发与培训、职业指导、支持与协助服务,以及职业发展环境分析等。职业康复的主要流程有评估就业障碍与职业能力、确定就业模式与目标、制定和执行个别化职业康复计划以及追踪服务等。
结论 需要根据ICF发展结构化和个别化的针对智力残疾的职业康复架构与服务方法体系。

关键词: 智力残疾, 职业康复, 个别化支持, 国际功能、残疾和健康分类

Abstract: Objective To establish the theoretical framework and approaches of services provision of vocational rehabilitation (VR) for people with intellectual disability (ID) to promote the decent employment of people with ID.
Methods The employment difficulties of people with ID had been analyzed using ICF, and the content and the procedure of VR for people with ID had been explored.
Results According to ICF, the employment difficulties of people with ID included functioning, barriers of employment and environmental factors. VR services for people with ID included assessment of employment barriers and vocational capacity, vocational counseling, vocational skill development and training, vocational guidance, support and assistance service, VR and politics development and research. The procedures of VR services for people with ID included assessing employment difficulties and vocational abilities, establishing employment setting and target, planning and implementing individualized VR program, and follow-up services.
Conclusion It is necessary to use ICF to develop structured and individualized VR framework and approaches of VR for people with ID.

Key words: intellectual disability, vocational rehabilitation, individualized supports, International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health

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