北京市东城区居家养老辅助器具使用调查

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2019.02.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解北京市东城区老年人对辅助器具的认知和使用情况、价格接受度、使用满意度、质量问题反馈、依从性和获得方式。方法 2017年4月至12月，选择北京市东城区6个社区166例居家养老老年人，为其评估、适配辅助器具，教会其使用，每半个月回访日常生活活动能力改善状况和对辅助器具的满意度，持续6个月。问卷调查老年人对辅助器具的使用和需求。结果 22%老年人没有使用过辅助器具。正在使用的辅助器具中，移动类占63%，生活护理类占48%，视觉类占44%，听觉类占20%，其他占4%。老年人购买辅具考虑的因素主要有能解决实际问题、质量好、多功能、性价比高等。魁北克辅助科技使用者满意度评估量表评分为(4.04±0.46)分。辅助器具弃用率2%。老年人使用辅助器具常出现的质量问题有组装不牢固/松动(43%)、外观粗糙(27%)、零部件破损(15%)、具有安全隐患(13%)、可靠性差(3%)、尺寸不合适(3%)和强度不够/断裂(3%)。老年人获得辅助器具的方式，80%为自行购买，13%为政府发放，6%为亲友赠送，无租赁方式获取。结论辅助器具能够改善和方便老年人生活。老年人需求最多的是移动、生活、交流和居家辅具，希望选择功能齐全、性价比高、能解决实际问题的辅具。专业的适配、定期的回访和维护可以提高辅助器具满意度，降低弃用率。可推进辅助器具租赁服务，加大实用辅助器具服务技术的推广。

关键词: 居家养老, 老年人, 辅助器具, 辅助技术, 康复

Abstract: Objective To investigate the awareness, use, price acceptance, satisfaction, feedback on quality problems, compliance and access methods of assistive devices for the old adults in Dongcheng, Beijing. Methods From April to December, 2017, 166 homecare old adults from six communities of Dongcheng, Beijing accepted assistive devices after adaption, and were taught how to use. They were followed up once half a month for six months to investigate activities of daily living, satisfaction, awareness and expectation for their assistive devices. Results There were 22% of them never used their assistive devices. For those assistive devices had been used, 62% were mobile products, 48% were homecare products, 44% were visual products, 20% were hearing products, and 4% were other products. The score of Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology was (4.04±0.46) in total, with 2% abandoning. Practicalness, good quality, multi-function and high performance-cost were the most important factors in mind to buy the assistive products. Common quality problems were infirmness of assembly (43%), rough appearance (27%), damaged parts (15%), hidden danger (13%), unsuitable size (3%), poor reliability (3%) and lack of structural strength (3%). The ways to obtain assistive devices included self-purchase (80%), government adaptation (13%), family and friends giving (6%), and lease (0%). Conclusion Assistive devices can improve quality of life for the old adults. They prefer to choosing assistive devices of multi-function, cost-effective, for daily living, communication and homecare. Professional fitting, regular visit and maintenance can increase the satisfaction, and reduce abandonment of assistive devices. Assistive devices leasing service may help to promote the access of assistive devices.

Key words: community-based homecare, aged, assistive device, assistive technology, rehabilitation

中图分类号:

R496

赖卿, 欧阳青, 屠其雷, 龙华, 张晓龙. 北京市东城区居家养老辅助器具使用调查[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2019, 25(2): 234-238.

LAI Qing, OUYANG Qing, TU Qi-lei, LONG Hua, ZHANG Xiao-long. Survey on Assistive Devices Utilization for Old Adults Supported by Community-based Homecare in Dongcheng, Beijing[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2019, 25(2): 234-238.

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