《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2019, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (7): 745-750.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2019.07.001

• 专题 •    下一篇

普通话噪声下言语识别及其与年龄相关听力损失和认知水平的关系

王贞1, 张庆苏1, 胡乃晓1, 王琦1, 龚树生2   

  1. 1.中国康复研究中心北京博爱医院听力语言科,北京市 100068
    2.首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院耳鼻喉科,北京市 100050
  • 收稿日期:2019-01-19 修回日期:2019-02-26 出版日期:2019-07-25 发布日期:2019-07-23
  • 通讯作者: 龚树生 E-mail:gongss1962@163.com
  • 作者简介:王贞(1979-),女,汉族,河北文安县人,硕士研究生,主治医师,主要研究方向:听力语言障碍的康复治疗。
  • 基金资助:
    中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项基金项目(No. 2015CZ-35)

Relationship among Speech Perception in Noise, Age-related Hearing Loss and Cognition in Putonghua

WANG Zhen1, ZHANG Qing-su1, HU Nai-xiao1, WANG Qi1, GONG Shu-sheng2   

  1. 1.Department of Speech and Hearing Therapy, Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 100068, China
    2.Department of Otolaryngology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
  • Received:2019-01-19 Revised:2019-02-26 Published:2019-07-25 Online:2019-07-23
  • Contact: GONG Shu-sheng E-mail:gongss1962@163.com
  • Supported by:
    Supported by National Special Fund Projects of Basic Research of Public Benefits for Institutes at Central Governmental Level (No. 2015CZ-35)

摘要: 目的 探讨汉语普通话条件下,年龄相关的听力损失和认知水平与噪声下言语识别能力的关系。 方法 2018年1月至10月,耳鼻喉科就诊的中老年门诊患者31例(52~75岁),根据纯音测听平均听阈分为听力正常组和听力下降组。采用“心爱飞扬”中文言语测听平台和剑桥神经心理学成套测试,评估受试者噪声下言语识别能力和非口语测试条件下的情景记忆、工作记忆和执行能力。 结果 两组间噪声下言语识别能力和情景记忆、执行能力均有显著性差异(U < 68, P < 0.05)。无论信号和噪声是否分离,年龄相关外周听力水平与噪声下言语识别能力正相关;与情景记忆、执行能力正相关(r > 0.360, P < 0.05)。噪声下言语识别任务难度越大,信噪比与认知能力的相关性越明显。 结论 汉语普通话条件下,中老年人在噪声下言语识别能力表现下降,与年龄相关的听力下降是主要原因之一。听力下降导致情景记忆和执行能力衰减,反过来影响噪声下言语识别能力。噪声下言语识别难度越大,对认知水平的依赖越明显。

关键词: 汉语, 普通话, 噪声下言语感知, 认知, 听力下降, 老龄

Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between age-related hearing loss, cognitive level and speech perception in noise in Putonghua. Methods From January to October 2018, 31 outpatients who visited the department of otolaryngology (aged 52-75) were divided into hearing normal (HN) group and hearing loss (HL) group according to the results of the average threshold measured with pure-tone audiometry. They were assessed with the computer-aided Chinese Speech Test Platform and the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery, which respectively evaluated the speech perception ability in noise, and the episodic memory, working memory and executive ability under non-verbal stimulation. Results There were significant differences in speech perception ability, episodic memory and executive ability between the two groups (U < 68, P < 0.05). The hearing level correlated to the speech perception in noise, whatever the speech and noise were separated, as well as the episodic memory, working memory and executive ability (r > 0.360, P < 0.05). The more difficult the speech perception task was, the more significant the correlation between signal-noise ratio and cognitive ability was. Conclusion Under the condition of Putonghua, age-related hearing loss is one of the main reasons for the decline of speech perception in noise in the old adults. Hearing loss leads to the decline of episodic memory and executive ability, which in turn affects speech perception in noise. The more difficulty it is to recognize speech in noise, the greater the dependence on cognitive level.

Key words: Chinese, Putonghua, speech perception in noise, cognition, hearing loss, aging

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