《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2019, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (8): 976-982.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2019.08.016

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

北京市培智学校学生体质健康现状及特点

郝传萍1, 郑尉2, 毛荣建1, 张冰3, 孙颖4, 李悦1, 邱卓英5   

  1. 1.北京联合大学,北京市 100075
    2.天津体育学院,天津市 301617
    3.清华大学,北京市 100084
    4.北京教育科学研究院,北京市 100036
    5.中国康复研究中心康复信息研究所,北京市 100068
  • 收稿日期:2018-08-25 修回日期:2019-05-05 出版日期:2019-08-25 发布日期:2019-08-16
  • 通讯作者: 郑尉,E-mail: zhengwei1020@126.com
  • 作者简介:郝传萍(1965-),女,汉族,辽宁大连市人,副教授,硕士生导师,主要研究方向:适应体育。
  • 基金资助:
    北京市教委科研计划项目(No. SM201311417006)

Characteristics of Physical Fitness for Students from Special Education Schools in Beijing

HAO Chuan-ping1, ZHENG Wei2, MAO Rong-jian1, ZHANG Bing3, SUN Ying4, LI Yue1, QIU Zhuo-ying5   

  1. 1.Beijing Union University, Beijing 100075, China
    2.Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China
    3.Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
    4.Beijing Academy of Educational Sciences, Beijing 100036, China
    5.Rehabilitation Information Institute, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 100068, China
  • Received:2018-08-25 Revised:2019-05-05 Published:2019-08-25 Online:2019-08-16
  • Contact: ZHENG Wei, E-mail: zhengwei1020@126.com
  • Supported by:
    Supported by Beijing Educational Commission Science Planning Project (No. SM201311417006)

摘要: 目的 了解北京市培智学校学生群体体质健康状况和特点。 方法 2016年9月至12月,采用体质健康测试方法对北京市19所培智学校810名7~15岁学生进行测试。 结果 不同年龄学生的身高、体质量和肺活量总体存在显著性差异(F > 8.273, P < 0.001),且随着年龄增长而增长,身高和肺活量整体低于健全学生;性别和年龄对身高、体质量和肺活量都有明显影响(P < 0.01),残疾程度对身高和肺活量有明显负影响(P < 0.01),对体质量无影响(P > 0.05)。不同年龄学生50 m跑、投沙包、30 s仰卧起坐、6/9 min跑/走和单脚平衡项目总体存在显著性差异(F > 3.571, P < 0.001),且没有明显的趋势性规律,整体低于健全学生;性别、年龄和残疾程度对50 m跑、投沙包、30 s仰卧起坐、6/9 min跑/走、单脚平衡和坐位体前屈均有影响(P < 0.05)。 结论 不同年龄学生的身体形态、功能和身体素质存在显著差异且随年龄增长而增长,整体落后于健全学生;性别、年龄和残疾程度对其有显著影响。

关键词: 培智学校, 智力残疾, 体质健康

Abstract: Objective To explore the physical fitness of students from special education schools in Beijing. Methods From September to December, 2016, 810 students aged seven to 15 years from 19 special education schools in Beijing were tested with physical fitness test. Results There were significant differences in height, mass and vital capacity among students of different ages (F > 8.273, P < 0.001), which increased with age, but were lower than that of normal students. Gender and age had significant effects on height, mass and vital capacity (P < 0.01). Level of disability had significant effects on height and vital capacity (P < 0.01), while no effect on body mass (P > 0.05). There were significant differences in 50-meter running, sandbag throwing, 30 seconds sit-ups, 6/9 minutes running/walking, one-leg standing and sit & reach among students of different ages (F > 3.571, P < 0.001). Most of the items increased with age, but were lower than that of normal students. Gender, age and level of disability had significant effects on 50-meter running, sandbag throwing, 30 seconds sit-ups, 6/9 minutes running/walking, one-leg standing and sit & reach (P < 0.05). Conclusion There are significant differences in body morphology, function and physical fitness among students of different ages, and the differences increase with age, but they are worse than the normal students as a whole. Gender, age and level of disability have a significant effect on body morphology, function and physical fitness among students of different ages.

Key words: special education schools, intellectual disability, physical fitness

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