《中国康复理论与实践》

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2019, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (11): 1241-1247.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2019.11.001

• 专题 康复体育研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于ICF的社区体育活动服务架构与指导方法研究

杨桃1, 王国祥1,2, 邱卓英1,2,3,4, 李安巧2,4,5, 马洪卓2,4   

  1. 1.苏州大学体育学院/苏州大学运动康复研究中心，江苏苏州市 215021
    2.世界卫生组织国际分类家族中国合作中心，北京市 100068
    3.中国康复研究中心/中国康复科学所康复信息研究所，北京市 100068
    4.中国ICF研究院，山东潍坊市 261053
    5.中国智力和发展性残疾分级、评估与康复（运动）重点实验室，郑州大学，河南郑州市 450001
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-31 出版日期:2019-11-25 发布日期:2019-11-21
  • 通讯作者: 王国祥，E-mail： kwang63@163.com E-mail:kwang63@163.com
  • 作者简介:杨桃(1994-)，女，汉族，江苏宿迁市人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向：运动康复。
  • 基金资助:
    1.国家社会科学基金项目(No. 19BTY125)；2.中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(重大科学研究引导基金项目) (No. 2017CZ-7; No. 2018CZ-4)

Framework and Approach of Service and Guidance of Community-based Physical Activities Using ICF

YANG Tao1, WANG Guo-xiang1,2, QIU Zhuo-ying1,2,3,4, LI An-qiao2,4,5, MA Hong-zhuo2,4   

  1. 1.School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Research Center of Sport Rehabilitation, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215021, China
    2.WHO Family of International Classifications Collaborating Center in China, Beijing 100068, China
    3.Research Institute of Rehabilitation Information, China Rehabilitation Research Centre/China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing 100068, China
    4.China Academy of ICF, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China
    5.China Key Laboratory of Classification, Evaluation and Rehabilitation Sport of Intellectual and Development Disability, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
  • Received:2019-10-31 Published:2019-11-25 Online:2019-11-21
  • Contact: WANG Guo-xiang, E-mail: kwang63@163.com; QIU Zhuo- ying, E-mail: qiutiger@hotmail.com E-mail:kwang63@163.com
  • Supported by:
    Supported by National Social Science Fund of China (No. 19BTY125) and National Special Fund Projects of Basic Research of Public Benefits for Institutes at Central Governmental Level (Leading Project of Major Scientific Research) (No. 2017CZ-7; No. 2018CZ-4)

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摘要： 目的 研究如何运用ICF和世界卫生组织《社区康复指南》的架构和理论，构建社区体育活动服务体系以促进社区健康。方法 运用ICF有关功能、残疾和健康的理论与方法，以及世界卫生组织《社区康复指南》矩阵作为社区体育活动与融合发展的架构，探讨社区体育活动。结果 开展社区体育活动服务不仅可以提升不同参与人群的身体功能、运动能力，还可以促进构建健康行为方式，提升心理健康水平和提高幸福感。社区体育活动可以促进社区人群健康、康复、教育、生涯发展以及赋权。社区体育活动与社区健康、康复等活动的融合发展，共同构建现代社区健康服务体系。残疾人居家康复体育活动是以“社区-家庭-个人”形式开展的社区体育活动，残疾人居家康复体育活动指导是社区体育活动服务的重要组成部分，残疾人居家和社区体育活动指导是以个别化服务的形式，向残疾人提供有关体育活动的咨询、技能训练、运动环境的改造以及心理咨询与指导等，以促进他们形成健康的行为方式。结论 运用ICF构建基于功能导向和整体健康的社区体育活动架构。运用世界卫生组织《社区康复指南》矩阵和方法促进体育活动与健康、康复、教育、职业发展和赋权等活动的融合，实现社区包容性发展和社区整体健康。从社区体育活动视角思考残疾人的居家康复体育作为社区体育活动的组成部分，为残疾人提供个别化的居家康复体育指导服务。

关键词: 国际功能、残疾和健康分类, 社区体育, 体育活动, 服务体系

Abstract: Objective To explore the community-based physical activities using ICF and the WHO Guideline of Community-based Rehabilitation (WHO CBR guideline) to develop framework and guidance service at community level to promote community health. Methods The ICF theory and approach of functioning, disability and health, and the matrix of WHO CBR guideline was adopted as a framework of community-based physical activities and inclusive development. Results Participants can improve their physical functioning and exercise ability, also promote the development of healthy behaviors, mental health and wellbeing through community-based physical activities. There are benefits of community-based physical activities for the participants for their health, rehabilitation, education, career development and empowerment. Health service system in modern community will be established with the integration of community-based physical activities, health care and rehabilitation. Family-based physical activities for people with disabilities include kinds of community-based exercises in the form of Community-Family-Individual. It is important to provide activity guidance for people with disabilities at community and family. With the approach of individualized guidance, the specialized services, such as counseling, skill training, modification of sport environment and psychological counseling, and guidance, will be provided to promote the people with disabilities to develop healthy behaviors. Conclusion A framework of community-based physical activities has been established model tailored to functioning and wellbeing using ICF. WHO CBR guideline has been adopted to promote inclusive development of community-based physical activities, health, rehabilitation, education, career development and empowerment to achieve community inclusive development and overall health. Family or dwelling based physical activities are kinds of community-based physical activities, which are proposed to provide individualized guidance for people with disabilities.

Key words: International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, community-based exercise, physical activities, service system

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