《中国康复理论与实践》

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2020, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (5): 497-501.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2020.05.001

• 专题 基于大数据残疾人康复需求与服务及其影响因素研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

成年残疾人康复需求与康复服务发展研究

刘冯铂1,2,吴铭3,邱卓英4,5,6(),李欣1,6(),李伦6,7,陈迪4,5,6,陈佳妮4,5,6,8,申兆慧4,5,6,8,王国祥6,9,孙宏伟6,10,杨剑3,6,杜若飞1,鲁心灵1   

  1. 1.中国智力和发展性残疾分级、评估和康复（运动）重点实验室/郑州大学体育学院（校本部）,河南郑州市 450001
    2.北京体育大学心理学院,北京市 100084
    3.华东师范大学体育与健康学院/青少年健康评价与运动干预教育部重点实验室,上海市 200241
    4.中国康复研究中心康复信息研究所,北京市 100068
    5.中国康复科学所康复信息研究所,北京市 100068
    6.世界卫生组织国际分类家族中国合作中心,北京市 100068
    7.深圳市残疾人联合会,广东深圳市 518008
    8.首都师范大学心理学院,北京市 100037
    9.苏州大学体育学院/运动康复研究中心,江苏苏州市 215021
    10.中国ICF研究院/潍坊医学院,山东潍坊市 261053
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-27 修回日期:2020-05-04 出版日期:2020-05-25 发布日期:2020-05-29
  • 通讯作者: 邱卓英,李欣 E-mail:qiutiger@hotmail.com;xinlibox@zzu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:刘冯铂(1992-),男,汉族,河南洛阳市人,博士研究生,主要研究方向：应用(运动)心理学、康复心理学、大数据与统计、ICF|吴铭(1991-),女,汉族,河南开封市人,博士研究生,主要研究方向：康复科学、ICF、康复大数据与统计、健康心理学、体育与健康、锻炼心理学、康复心理学、残疾研究。
  • 基金资助:
    中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(重大科学研究引导基金项目)(2017CZ-7);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(重大科学研究引导基金项目)(2018CZ-4)

Unmet Needs and Services of Rehabilitation for Adults with Disabilities

LIU Feng-bo1,2,WU Ming3,QIU Zhuo-ying4,5,6(),LI Xin1,6(),LI Lun6,7,CHEN Di4,5,6,CHEN Jia-ni4,5,6,8,SHEN Zhao-hui4,5,6,8,WANG Guo-xiang6,9,SUN Hong-wei6,10,YANG Jian3,6,DU Ruo-fei1,LU Xin-ling1   

  1. 1. China Key Laboratory of Classification, Evaluation and Rehabilitation (Sport) of Intellectual and Development Disability/School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
    2. School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
    3. College of Physical Education and Health/Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
    4. Research Institute of Rehabilitation Information, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 100068, China
    5. Research Institute of Rehabilitation Information, China Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Beijing 100068, China
    6. WHO-FIC Collaborating Center in China, Beijing 100068, China
    7. Shenzhen Disabled Persons' Federation, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518008, China
    8. School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100037, China
    9. School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences/Institute of Sport Rehabilitation, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215021, China
    10. China Academy of ICF/Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China
  • Received:2020-04-27 Revised:2020-05-04 Published:2020-05-25 Online:2020-05-29
  • Contact: QIU Zhuo-ying,LI Xin E-mail:qiutiger@hotmail.com;xinlibox@zzu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Special Fund Projects of Basic Research of Public Benefits for Institutes at Central Governmental Level (Leading Project of Major Scientific Research)(2017CZ-7);National Special Fund Projects of Basic Research of Public Benefits for Institutes at Central Governmental Level (Leading Project of Major Scientific Research)(2018CZ-4)

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摘要：

目的 研究成年残疾人的残疾状况、主要康复需求特征、康复服务发展状况及其影响因素。方法 以2019年度省级2 315 498名成年残疾人实名制数据为样本,运用多重响应分析统计成年残疾人的残疾状况,分析其康复需求特征和康复服务发展状况;Logistic回归分析影响康复需求与康复服务的相关因素。结果 省级成年残疾人的残疾分布从高到低分别为肢体残疾(62.2%)、视力残疾(9.9%)、智力残疾(8.4%)、精神残疾(7.3%)、听力残疾(6.9%)、多重残疾(2.8%)和言语残疾(2.5%)。成年残疾人报告康复需求从高到低分别为辅助器具需求(49.0%)、药物需求(33.3%)、护理需求(27.7%)、功能训练需求(20.2%)和手术需求(1.9%)。成年残疾人报告获得康复服务从高到低分别为辅助器具服务(44.1%)、护理服务(26.6%)、药物服务(25.9%)、功能训练服务(22.2%)和手术服务(1.3%)。Logistic回归显示残疾类别和残疾等级对成年残疾人报告康复需求和康复服务的概率有非常显著影响(P < 0.001)。 结论 残疾人功能状态影响到其康复需求报告,康复需求与康复服务之间仍然存在结构性差异,为提升精准康复服水平,应根据ICF关于功能、残疾和健康分类的理论模式和方法,制定针对特定残疾类别的康复需求报告方法并开发精准的个别化的康复服务项目。

关键词: 成年残疾人, 康复需求, 康复服务

Abstract:

Objective To explore the status of disability, characteristics of unmet needs and services of rehabilitation and their related factors for adults with disabilities (AWDs).Methods A total of 2 315 498 AWDs were sampled from the provincial level administration data (2019). Multiple response analysis was used to analysis the disability status of AWDs, characteristics of unmet needs and received services of rehabilitation, and related factors were explored with Logistic regression.Results The distribution of disabilities for AWDs from high to low were physical disabilities (62.2%), visual disabilities (9.9%), intellectual disabilities (8.4%), mental disorders (7.3%), hearing disabilities (6.9%), multiple disabilities (2.8%) and speech disabilities (2.5%). The reporting rate of unmet needs of rehabilitation for AWDs from high to low were assistive devices (49.0%), medicine (33.3%), nursing care (27.7%), functional training (20.2%) and surgery (1.9%). The reporting rate of received service for AWDs from high to low were assistive devices (44.1%), nursing care (26.6%), medicine (25.9%), functional training (22.2%) and surgery (1.3%). The logistic regression model shown that types and severities of disabilities had significant effects on unmet needs and received services of rehabilitation for AWDs (P < 0.001). Conclusion The reporting of unmet needs for AWDs had been influenced by their functioning and disability. There were gaps between unmet needs and received services. It proposed to develop precise and individualized reporting of unmet needs and service programs for AWDs.

Key words: adults with disabilities, unmet needs of rehabilitation, services of rehabilitation

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