《中国康复理论与实践》

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2020, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (6): 631-636.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2020.06.002

• 专题 康复体育和运动功能康复研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

成年残疾人参与体育活动状况及其影响因素的Logistic回归模型研究

陆海1,李欣2()   

  1. 1.河南师范大学体育学院,河南新乡市 453007
    2.中国智力和发展性残疾分级、评估与康复(运动)重点实验室/郑州大学体育学院(校本部),河南郑州市 450001
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-28 出版日期:2020-06-25 发布日期:2020-06-29
  • 通讯作者: 李欣 E-mail:xinlibox@zzu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:陆海(1976-),男,汉族,上海市人,硕士,讲师,主要研究方向：体育教育训练学。

Research on Participation of Physical Activities and Influential Factors for Adults with Disabilities Using Logistic Regression Model

LU Hai1,LI Xin2()   

  1. 1. College of Physical Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
    2. China Key Laboratory of Classification, Evaluation and Rehabilitation (Sport) of Intellectual and Development Disability/School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
  • Received:2020-04-28 Published:2020-06-25 Online:2020-06-29
  • Contact: LI Xin E-mail:xinlibox@zzu.edu.cn

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摘要：

目的 研究残疾人体育活动参与状况及其影响因素。方法 以2019年2 302 833名残疾人参与体育活动数据为样本,应用多重响应交叉列联表分析残疾人体育活动的参与状况,应用Logistic回归模型分析残疾人参与体育活动的影响因素。结果 残疾人体育活动参与率非常低(7.0%),其中,男性(7.3%)高于女性;18~59岁(7.6%)高于其他年龄段;农业户口(7.1%)高于非农业户口;言语残疾(7.7%)高于其他类型;四级残疾(8.6%)高于其他等级。在残疾人未经常参与体育活动的原因方面,农业户口残疾人报告没有适合自己的活动项目(14.4%)和没有适合的场所及设施(12.3%),高于非农业户口残疾人。Logistic回归模型显示,不同性别(B = 0.048,P< 0.001)、年龄(B = 0.178,P< 0.001)、户口性质(B = 0.078,P < 0.001)、残疾类别(B 视力= 0.055, P < 0.01; B 听力= 0.133, P < 0.001; B 言语= 0.282, P< 0.001; B智力= -0.159, P < 0.001; B 精神= -0.062, P < 0.01)的残疾人体育活动参与状况的差异较小;残疾等级对残疾人体育活动的参与状况有显著影响( P < 0.001),一级残疾人是四级残疾人的0.571倍(B = -0.561, OR = 0.571),二级残疾人是四级残疾人的0.659倍(B = -0.417, OR = 0.659)。 结论 成年残疾人体育活动参与率较低,残疾人功能特点直接影响到其体育活动的参与状况。应根据ICF理论与方法,设计适应性体育项目,建设无障碍体育设施,培训具备专业知识的指导人员,以促进残疾人参与体育活动。

关键词: 成年残疾人, 体育活动参与, 影响因素, 残疾调查

Abstract:

Objective To investigate and analyze the status and related factors of participation in physical activities for adults with disabilities (AWDs).Methods A total of 2 302 833 AWDs in 2019 were included. Multiple response was used to analyze the status of participation and logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors.Results The participative rate of AWDs was low (7.0%), in which, males (7.3%) were higher than females, AWDs aged 18 to 59 years (7.6%) were higher than other ages, AWDs with agricultural household (7.1%), speech disabilities (7.7%), and mild disability (8.6%) were the largest groups. For the reasons for not participating in physical activities, AWDs with agricultural household reported no suitable programs (14.4%), places and facilities (12.3%), which were higher than that with city household. The genders (B = 0.048,P< 0.001), ages (B = 0.178,P< 0.001), household registrations (B = 0.078,P < 0.001) related with participation of physical activities. However, types (B vision= 0.055, P < 0.01; B hearing= 0.133, P < 0.001; B speech= 0.282, P< 0.001; Bintelligence = -0.159, P < 0.001; B psychosis= -0.062, P < 0.01) and severity of disability were more significant ( P< 0.001). AWDs with extremely severe disability reported 0.571 times of participation of physical activities than that with mild disability (B = -0.561, OR = 0.571), and AWDs with severe disability reported 0.659 times of that with mild visual disability (B = -0.417, OR = 0.659).Conclusion The participation rate of AWDs in physical activities is low. Implement physical activities programs would be tailored to the unmet needs of physical activities as AWDs had functioning oriented unmet needs. It proposed to develop individualized and structured physical activities services to promote the participation of disabilities in physical activities.

Key words: adults with disabilities, participation in physical activities, related factors, survey of disability

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