《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2021, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (3): 334-340.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2021.03.015

• 社区康复 • 上一篇    下一篇

老年人社区康复服务需求及其影响因素

史珈铭,刘晓婷()   

  1. 浙江大学老龄和健康研究中心,公共管理学院,浙江 杭州市 310058
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-14 修回日期:2020-10-19 出版日期:2021-03-25 发布日期:2021-04-02
  • 通讯作者: 刘晓婷 E-mail:xtliu@zju.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:史珈铭(1996-),男,汉族,四川广元市人,博士研究生,主要研究方向:老年健康|刘晓婷(1984-),女,汉族,吉林吉林市人,博士,副教授,主要研究方向:医疗保障和老年照护。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重大项目(13&ZD163);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(20YJC840019)

Demands and Determinants of Community Rehabilitation Services for Older Adults

Jia-ming SHI,Xiao-ting LIU()   

  1. Aging and Health Research Center, School of Public Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
  • Received:2020-08-14 Revised:2020-10-19 Published:2021-03-25 Online:2021-04-02
  • Contact: Xiao-ting LIU E-mail:xtliu@zju.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Social Science Fund (Major)(13&ZD163);Ministry of Education Humanities and Social Science Research Fund (Youth)(20YJC840019)

摘要: 目的

基于安德森健康模型和世界卫生组织《社区康复指南》构建分析框架,探究老年人社区康复服务的需求现状及其影响因素。

方法

使用2016年中国老年社会追踪调查数据,通过多重响应交叉列联表分析老年人社区康复服务需求的现状,应用Logistic回归模型分析老年人社区康复服务需求的影响因素。

结果

老年人存在一定的社区康复服务需求(11.07%),且康复服务的实际获得率(0.94%)和需求的满足程度(6.75%)很低。倾向因素中的教育(OR = 1.299),使能因素中的经济收入(OR = 1.245)、养老金(OR = 1.337)、子女经济支持(OR = 1.236)、社区健康支持服务(OR > 1.547)、社区参与(OR = 1.640),需求因素中的完全失能(OR = 2.336),患糖尿病、脑血管疾病、颈椎和腰椎疾病、阿尔茨海默病等慢性病(OR > 1.263)等因素对老年人的社区康复服务需求有影响(P < 0.05)。

结论

老年人社区康复服务的需求与供给之间存在结构性差异。教育、经济条件、社区健康支持服务、社区参与和健康状况是影响老年人社区康复服务需求的影响因素。

关键词: 老年, 社区康复服务, 需求, 影响因素, 安德森健康模型, 社区康复指南

Abstract: Objective

To investigate the current status of community rehabilitation services for the older adults and the related factors based on the framework of Anderson Health Model and World Health Organization Community-based Rehabilitation Guideline.

Methods

Data from 2016 China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey were analyzed with multiple response to explore the needs of community rehabilitation services, analyzed with Logistic regression to explore the related factors.

Results

The older adults needed somehow community rehabilitation services (11.07%). However, the ratio of actual utilization of rehabilitation services (0.94%) and the meeting of needs (6.75%) were very low. The demand of community rehabilitation services related with education among the propensity factors (OR = 1.299); income (OR = 1.245), pensions (OR = 1.337), financial support from children (OR = 1.236), community's health support services (OR > 1.547) and community participation (OR = 1.640) among the enabling factors; disability (OR = 2.336) and suffering some chronic diseases (diabetes, cerebrovascular diseases, cervical and lumbar diseases, and Alzheimer's disease, etc.) among the demand factors.

Conclusion

There are structural differences between the demand and supply of community rehabilitation services for the older adults. Education, economic conditions, community's health support services, community participation and health status are the factors related with the needs of community rehabilitation services, in the framework of Community-based Rehabilitation Guideline.

Key words: aged, community rehabilitation services, needs, determinants, Anderson Health Model, Community-based Rehabilitation Guideline

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