久坐行为对12~17岁青少年眼健康的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2022.08.001

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2022, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (8): 869-878.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2022.08.001

• 专题儿童与青少年功能康复 • 上一篇下一篇

久坐行为对12~17岁青少年眼健康的影响

杨剑^1,²(),吴铭³

1.华东师范大学青少年健康评价与运动干预教育部重点实验室,上海市 200241
2.华东师范大学体育与健康学院,上海市 200241
3.郑州大学体育学院（校本部）,河南郑州市 450001

收稿日期:2022-04-27 出版日期:2022-08-25 发布日期:2022-08-30
通讯作者: 杨剑 E-mail:yangjianxz@sina.com
作者简介:杨剑(1970-),男,汉族,江苏徐州市人,博士,教授,世界卫生组织国际分类家族合作中心专家委员,主要研究方向：儿童青少年体育与健康,ICF,康复科学,锻炼心理学,康复心理学。
基金资助:
上海高校"立德树人"人文社科重点研究基地子项目(1100-41222-16057);青少年体育教育研究上海市社会科学创新研究基地子项目(11001-412321-17006);华东师范大学青少年运动促进健康研究院子项目

Influence of sedentary behavior on eye health in adolescents aged twelve to 17

YANG Jian^1,²(),WU Ming³

1. Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
2. College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
3. School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China

Received:2022-04-27 Published:2022-08-25 Online:2022-08-30
Contact: YANG Jian E-mail:yangjianxz@sina.com
Supported by:
Sub-project of Shanghai University "Strengthening Morality" Humanities and Social Sciences Key Research Base(1100-41222-16057);Sub-project of Adolescents Physical Education Research Shanghai Social Science Innovation Research Base(11001-412321-17006);Sub-project of East China Normal University Adolescents Sports and Health Promotion Research Institute

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨不同类型久坐行为与青少年眼健康的关系。

方法采用主、客观久坐行为测量方法对12~17岁青少年(主观352名,客观331名)进行两个阶段(间隔14周)调查,探讨不同久坐行为对青少年视力不良发生率的影响。

结果青少年久坐时间普遍偏长,其中教育类久坐时间、视频类久坐时间占比较大,低久坐组/低教育类久坐组青少年视力不良检出率低于高久坐组/高教育类久坐组青少年(|t| > 3.422, P < 0.01)。客观测量显示,第一阶段日均久坐时间与视力水平呈负相关(r = -0.176, P < 0.001)。主观测量显示,第一阶段教育类久坐时间与视力水平呈负相关(r = -0.188, P < 0.001),第二阶段教育类久坐时间与视力水平呈负相关(r = -0.141, P < 0.001)。控制中高强度身体活动时间后,客观测量的日均久坐时间对青少年视力不良的预测作用不显著,主观测量的教育类久坐时间能够显著负向预测青少年视力水平(β = -0.124, P = 0.026),但二者不存在交叉滞后效应。阈值分析显示,约登指数的最大值为0.206,对应教育类久坐时间为3 445 min/周,敏感性为0.738,特异性为0.467。

结论高久坐组青少年视力不良检出率较高,教育类久坐对青少年视力水平具有显著负向预测作用。青少年每周教育类久坐时间长于3 445 min (约每天8.2 h)时,视力不良检出率较高。

关键词: 青少年, 久坐行为, 眼健康, 阈值, 视力不良

Abstract:

Objective To explore the relationship between adolescents' sedentary behavior and poor vision.

Methods Both subjective (352 adolescents) and objective (331 adolescents) methods were used to measure the sedentary behaviors of adolescents aged twelve to 17 years in two phases with an interval of 14 weeks, to investigate the influence of different sedentary behaviors on the incidence of poor vision acuity in adolescents.

Results The sedentary time of adolescents was generally long, among which educational sedentary time and screen sedentary time accounted for a higher proportion. The detection rate of poor visual acuity among adolescents was significantly lower in low sedentary group/low education sedentary group than in high sedentary group/high education sedentary group (|t| > 3.422, P < 0.01). The objective measurement showed that the average daily sedentary time was significantly negatively correlated with the eyesight level in the first phase (r= -0.176, P < 0.001). The subjective measurement showed that the educational sedentary time was significantly negatively correlated with the eyesight level both in the first phase (r= -0.188, P < 0.001) and the second phase (r= -0.141, P <0.001). After controlling for moderate to vigorous physical activity, the objectively measured average daily sedentary time had no significant predictive effect on the poor vision of adolescents, and the subjectively measured educational sedentary time could significantly negatively predict the eyesight level of adolescents (β= -0.124, P= 0.026), however, there was no cross-lag effect between the two variables. The critical value analysis showed that the maximum value of Youden index was 0.206, corresponding to the educational sedentary time of 3 445 minutes a week, the sensitivity was 0.738, and the specificity was 0.467.

Conclusion Adolescents with high sedentary group have higher detection rate of poor vision. Educational sedentary has a significantly negative predictive effect on the eyesight level of adolescents. The detection rate of poor vision would increase if the educational sedentary time of adolescents is longer than 3 445 minutes a week.

Key words: adolescents, sedentary behavior, eye health, critical value, poor vision

中图分类号:

R778

杨剑,吴铭. 久坐行为对12~17岁青少年眼健康的影响[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2022, 28(8): 869-878.

YANG Jian,WU Ming. Influence of sedentary behavior on eye health in adolescents aged twelve to 17[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2022, 28(8): 869-878.

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项目		上学日			休息日
项目		男	女	合计	男	女	合计
客观	日均久坐	605.75±120.92	653.34±143.91	626.17±133.18	641.97±138.86	676.41±168.87	656.75±153.17
客观	日均MVPA	31.35±13.42	25.28±13.54	28.74±13.78	27.14±17.29	20.17±11.36	24.15±15.41
主观	教育类久坐	3101.89±676.26	3138.54±733.24	3117.51±700.32	858.13±405.42	833.71±380.57	847.72±394.65
	交通类久坐	38.03±65.90	37.43±64.43	37.78±65.18	25.79±39.90	30.69±43.98	27.88±41.69
	文化类久坐	162.60±190.66	144.81±143.57	155.02±172.18	85.15±95.24	95.93±93.902	89.74±94.69
	社交类久坐	326.39±244.05	325.32±188.12	325.93±221.66	142.03±124.93	139.73±127.76	141.05±125.96
	视频类久坐	102.09±181.19	100.59±202.90	101.45±190.47	251.79±281.21	259.67±290.42	255.14±284.79

变量		重度		中度		轻度		正常		F值	P值
变量		n	数值	n	数值	n	数值	n	数值	F值	P值
客观	日均久坐	109	640.81±91.96	76	678.32±132.02	35	634.82±131.11	111	597.87±123.97	7.255	< 0.001
主观	教育类久坐	71	4172.94±889.37	112	4044.59±943.03	77	4018.52±837.83	92	3663.73±925.10	5.021	0.002
主观	视频类久坐	71	372.89±381.38	112	361.40±317.14	77	286.04±315.36	92	397.23±449.30	1.366	0.253

变量		第一阶段		第二阶段		t值^a	P值^a	t值^b	P值^b
变量		n	数值	n	数值	t值^a	P值^a	t值^b	P值^b
客观	高久坐组	165	2.17±1.22	165	1.91±1.09	-4.096	< 0.001	-3.422	0.001
客观	低久坐组	166	2.72±1.24	166	2.33±1.51	-4.096	< 0.001	-3.422	0.001
主观	高教育类久坐组	151	2.27±1.08	151	2.11±1.03	-4.109	< 0.001	-3.810	< 0.001
主观	低教育类久坐组	201	2.74±1.05	201	2.54±1.04	-4.109	< 0.001	-3.810	< 0.001

模型		第一层			第二层			第三层
模型		Beta	t值	P值	Beta	t值	P值	Beta	t值	P值
I	性别	-0.007	-0.133	0.894	0.000	-0.006	0.995	0.013	0.241	0.809
I	学段	-0.383	-7.468	< 0.001	-0.378	-7.223	< 0.001	-0.357	-6.546	< 0.001
II	MVPA-T1				0.024	0.436	0.663	0.016	0.304	0.762
III	久坐行为-T1				-0.076	-1.398	0.163	-0.074	-1.360	0.175
模型摘要	R²			0.146			0.147			0.151
	F			28.077			18.735			14.550
	P			< 0.001			< 0.001			< 0.001
	△R²			0.146			< 0.001			0.005
	△F			28.077			0.190			1.851
	△P			< 0.001			0.663			0.175

模型		第一层			第二层			第三层
模型		Beta	t值	P值	Beta	t值	P值	Beta	t值	P值
I	性别	0.021	0.408	0.684	0.028	0.519	0.604	0.029	0.554	0.580
I	学段	-0.225	-4.299	< 0.001	-0.215	-3.970	< 0.001	-0.174	-3.042	0.003
II	MVPA-T1				0.038	0.694	0.488	0.032	0.581	0.562
III	教育类久坐-T1							-0.124	-2.240	0.026
模型摘要	R²			0.052			0.053			0.066
	F			9.431			6.439			6.139
	P			< 0.001			< 0.001			< 0.001
	△R²			0.052			0.001			0.014
	△F			9.431			0.482			5.017
	△P			< 0.001			0.448			0.026

久坐行为对12~17岁青少年眼健康的影响

Influence of sedentary behavior on eye health in adolescents aged twelve to 17

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方法	性别	年龄/岁	第一阶段/n					第二阶段/n					流失/n
方法	性别	年龄/岁	初一	初二	高一	高二	合计	初一	初二	高一	高二	合计	流失/n
客观	男	15.40±1.38	39	53	55	62	209	34	48	47	60	189	20
	女	14.99±1.42	56	33	36	36	161	47	29	30	36	142	19
	合计	-	95	86	91	98	370	81	77	77	96	331	39
主观	男	15.00±1.67	47	55	72	64	238	40	51	58	53	202	36
	女	14.75±1.38	57	34	46	41	178	48	28	41	33	150	28
	合计	-	104	89	118	105	416	88	79	99	86	352	64

检验变量	面积	SE	P值	95%CI
检验变量	面积	SE	P值	下限	上限
教育类久坐	0.631	0.034	< 0.001	0.564	0.699

教育类久坐时间/min	敏感性	1-特异性	约登指数
……	……	……	……
3405.00	0.758	0.598	0.160
3415.00	0.750	0.587	0.163
3430.00	0.746	0.565	0.181
3445.00	0.738	0.533	0.206
3455.00	0.735	0.533	0.202
3465.00	0.731	0.533	0.198
……	……	……	……

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