我国残疾人精准康复服务行动实施效果评估

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2022.10.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的评估我国残疾人精准康复服务行动实施效果。

方法使用第二次全国残疾人抽样调查数据、2017-2021年中国残疾人事业统计年鉴数据及其他官方统计数据,从组织体系建设、康复管理系统建设、康复服务能力建设与康复服务利用4个方面对我国残疾人精准康复服务行动进行评估。

结果实施残疾人精准康复服务行动以来,我国自上而下的精准康复组织体系基本建立;康复管理系统在全国覆盖使用,但操作规范和数据质量有待优化;康复服务能力稳步提升,满足残疾人多样化康复需求;获得基本康复服务的残疾儿童及持证残疾人总数总体呈上升趋势,康复服务精准性不断提升。

结论我国残疾人精准康复服务行动前期已取得较好成效,应当在此基础上扩大康复服务资源供给,提升康复服务能力;加大康复服务的经济保障力度;总结精准康复典型案例,着力提升公众的康复意识。应当强化政府责任意识,健全精准康复工作机制;促进康复服务区域协调发展;大力发展社区康复。

关键词: 残疾人, 精准康复, 社区康复, 评估

Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the implementation of the precision rehabilitation services for people with disabilities in China.

Methods Data from the Second China National Sample Survey on Disability, 2017-2021 China Statistical Yearbook on the Work for Persons with Disabilities and other official statistics were used to evaluate the precision rehabilitation services for people with disabilities in China from four aspects: the construction of organizational system, the arrangement of rehabilitation management system, the progress of rehabilitation service capacity and the utilization of rehabilitation services.

Results A top-down precision rehabilitation organization system was basically established; a rehabilitation management system was used throughout the country, while the operation specification and data quality needed to be optimized; the capacity of rehabilitation services was steadily improved to meet the diverse rehabilitation needs of people with disabilities; and more and more disabled children and disabled persons with certificates received basic rehabilitation services, and the accuracy of rehabilitation services was constantly improved.

Conclusion The precision rehabilitation services for people with disabilities in China is working well in the early stage. It is needed to expand resources and improve the ability of rehabilitation services, to strengthen the economic guarantee and summarize typical cases, to improve public awareness of rehabilitation. The government should improve the sense of responsibility and working mechanism, to promote the coordinated development of rehabilitation services among regions, and develop community-based rehabilitation vigorously.

Key words: people with disabilities, precision rehabilitation, community-based rehabilitation, evaluation

中图分类号:

范韫仪,郑晓瑛. 我国残疾人精准康复服务行动实施效果评估[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2022, 28(10): 1117-1125.

FAN Yunyi,ZHENG Xiaoying. Evaluation of precision rehabilitation services for people with disabilities in China[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2022, 28(10): 1117-1125.

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变量	未使用康复服务	使用康复服务	χ²值	P值
性别
女	41462	36675	175.754	< 0.001
男	41474	41868	175.754	< 0.001
年龄
0~14岁	4723	2846	1300.000	< 0.001
15~59岁	32016	36634
≥ 60岁	46197	39063
居住地
农村	65375	51321	3700.000	< 0.001
城镇	17561	27222	3700.000	< 0.001
有无残疾人证
无	74840	60836	900.000	< 0.001
有	8096	17707
受教育程度
小学及以下	68377	56965	400.000	< 0.001
初高中及中专	13847	19999
大学及以上	712	1579
残疾类别
视力残疾	12271	11569	500.00	< 0.001
听力残疾	25570	12800
言语残疾	1474	1036
肢体残疾	19566	28479
智力残疾	6287	4557
精神残疾	4881	6909
多重残疾	12887	13193