人体自主平衡恢复过程中姿势调控的个体影响因素

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2023.05.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨人体自主平衡恢复过程中姿势调控反应时和运动时的个体影响因素。

方法 2021年3月至12月，在中国人民解放军总医院招募18~80岁健康成年人126例，采用DE-A体感平衡检测系统检测受试者在站立(静态)和步行(动态)状态下应对支撑面前倾、后倾、左倾和右倾失稳应激时的姿势调控反应时和运动时。调查受试者的年龄、性别、体质量指数(BMI)和体力活动水平等个体因素。

结果各方向动态姿势调控反应时和运动时仅与年龄独立相关(β > 0.632, P < 0.05)。静态姿势调控运动时，前倾时与体力活动水平(β = -0.143, P < 0.05)、BMI (β = 0.154, P < 0.05)和年龄(β = 0.663, P < 0.05)独立相关，左倾时与性别(β = -0.173, P < 0.05)和年龄(β = 0.647, P < 0.05)独立相关，其他方向仅与年龄独立相关(β > 0.571, P < 0.05)；各方向静态姿势调控反应时仅与年龄独立相关(β > 0.615, P < 0.05)。

结论年龄是人体自主平衡恢复过程中姿势调控反应时和运动时的最主要独立影响因素，增龄导致人体失稳后姿势调控反应延迟。

关键词: 自主平衡恢复, 姿势调控, 反应时, 运动时

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the individual factors of postural adjustment reaction time and movement time during adaptive equilibrium.

Methods From March to December, 2021, 126 healthy adults aged 18 to 80 years were recruited at the First Medical Center of the General Hospital of the Chinese PLA. The DE-A somatosensory balance detection system was used to detect their postural adjustment reaction time (RT) and movement time (MT) as the platform tilting in multiple directions during standing (static) or walking (dynamic). The ages, genders, body mass index (BMI) and physical activity level of them were investigated.

Results The age was the only factor independently associated with dynamic RT and MT in all the directions (β > 0.632, P< 0.05). For static MT, as the platform tilting forward, physical activity level (β = -0.143, P< 0.05), BMI (β = 0.154, P< 0.05) and age (β = 0.663, P< 0.05) were the independently associated factors; as the platform tilting leftward, gender (β = -0.173, P< 0.05) and age (β = 0.647, P< 0.05) were the independently associated factors; and age was the only independently associated factor for other directions (β > 0.571, P< 0.05). For the static RT, age was the only independently associated factor for all the directions (β > 0.615, P< 0.05).

Conclusion Age is the most important independently factor related to postural adjustment during adaptive equilibrium, and aging may delay the postural adjustment after instability.

Key words: adaptive equilibrium, postural control, reaction time, movement time

中图分类号:

R493

王雨生, 贾子善, 张攻孜, 左秀芹, 孙彤, 赵艺扬. 人体自主平衡恢复过程中姿势调控的个体影响因素[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2023, 29(5): 590-594.

WANG Yusheng, JIA Zishan, ZHANG Gongzi, ZUO Xiuqin, SUN Tong, ZHAO Yiyang. Individual factors associated with postural adjustment during adaptive equilibrium[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2023, 29(5): 590-594.

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自变量		赋值	统计值
性别/n	男性	1	62
	女性	2	64
年龄/岁		数值变量	50.18±15.98
身高/cm			166.06±8.02
体质量/kg			65.89±10.46
BMI/(kg·m^-2)^a		数值变量	23.81±2.81
体力活动水平/代谢当量^b		数值变量	3964.56±1631.73

状态	指标/ms		β				R²	调整后R²	F值	P值
状态	指标/ms		体力活动水平	BMI	性别	年龄	R²	调整后R²	F值	P值
静态前倾	反应时	495.89±170.99	-0.014	-0.064	-0.099	0.654^a	0.404	0.385	20.534	< 0.001
	运动时	2820.16±947.81	-0.143^a	0.154^a	-0.136	0.663^a	0.420	0.401	21.937	< 0.001
动态前倾	反应时	524.14±204.86	0.000	-0.110	0.007	0.714^a	0.465	0.448	26.320	< 0.001
	运动时	2999.72±1202.51	-0.095	0.042	-0.050	0.835^a	0.734	0.725	83.549	< 0.001
静态后倾	反应时	454.25±160.50	-0.130	-0.003	-0.023	0.615^a	0.395	0.375	19.754	< 0.001
	运动时	3077.90±828.78	-0.091	0.003	-0.026	0.571^a	0.337	0.315	15.353	< 0.001
动态后倾	反应时	498.22±202.00	-0.064	-0.058	-0.133	0.670^a	0.438	0.419	23.388	< 0.001
	运动时	3056.75±1149.04	-0.059	-0.004	-0.098	0.855^a	0.735	0.726	83.910	< 0.001
静态左倾	反应时	497.02±197.25	0.003	-0.011	0.102	0.657^a	0.443	0.425	24.106	< 0.001
	运动时	2940.66±942.83	0.021	-0.054	-0.173^a	0.647^a	0.414	0.395	21.387	< 0.001
动态左倾	反应时	516.05±196.67	-0.056	0.062	0.034	0.632^a	0.437	0.418	23.297	< 0.001
	运动时	3210.18±1163.71	-0.054	-0.014	-0.065	0.858^a	0.731	0.723	82.390	< 0.001
静态右倾	反应时	478.87±194.84	-0.006	0.001	0.111	0.649^a	0.440	0.422	23.788	< 0.001
	运动时	3065.33±910.96	0.019	-0.133	-0.036	0.622^a	0.342	0.320	15.736	< 0.001
动态右倾	反应时	514.89±206.83	-0.034	0.027	0.016	0.703^a	0.512	0.496	31.717	< 0.001
	运动时	3188.13±1177.44	-0.021	-0.054	-0.051	0.837^a	0.670	0.660	61.536	< 0.001