社区高龄老年人下肢肌力与步速的关系：柔韧和动态平衡的链式中介作用

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2023.06.004

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2023, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 646-653.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2023.06.004

• 专题运动功能与身体活动评定 • 上一篇下一篇

社区高龄老年人下肢肌力与步速的关系：柔韧和动态平衡的链式中介作用

谭晓欢^1a, 姜桂萍^1a^,², 黄芯怡^1b, 王丹丹³, 张磊^1a, 卜庆国^1a, 吴雪萍^1a()

1.上海体育学院，a.体育教育学院；b.心理学院，上海市 200438
2.哈尔滨学院体育学院，黑龙江哈尔滨市 150086
3.上海理工大学体育教育部，上海市 200093

收稿日期:2022-09-13 修回日期:2023-03-15 出版日期:2023-06-25 发布日期:2023-07-14
通讯作者: 吴雪萍(1972-)，女，汉族，广东东莞市人，教授，博士研究生导师，主要研究方向：适应体育、老年人健康促进。E-mail： wuxueping@sus.edu.cn
作者简介:谭晓欢(1997-)，女，汉族，贵州瓮安县人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向：老年人健康促进。
基金资助:
上海市海外高层次人才项目(TP2020063)

Relationship between lower limb muscle strength and walk speed in community dwelling older adults: the chain mediating role of flexibility and dynamic balance

TAN Xiaohuan^1a, JIANG Guiping^1a^,², HUANG Xinyi^1b, WANG Dandan³, ZHANG Lei^1a, BU Qingguo^1a, WU Xueping^1a()

1. a. School of Physical Education; b. School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
2. School of Physical Education, Harbin University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
3. Department of Physical Education, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China

Received:2022-09-13 Revised:2023-03-15 Published:2023-06-25 Online:2023-07-14
Contact: WU Xueping, E-mail: wuxueping@sus.edu.cn
Supported by:
Overseas High-level Talents at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning(TP2020063)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨高龄老年人下肢肌力与步速的关系，分析柔韧和动态平衡在下肢肌力与步速关系间的中介作用。
方法 2021年11月至12月，对上海市长者运动健康之家的155例高龄老年人进行实地调查，询问基本健康信息，对下肢肌力、柔韧、动态平衡和步速进行测试，并进行中介效应分析。
结果高龄老年人下肢肌力、柔韧、动态平衡和步速之间两两相关(r > 0.210, P < 0.01)。控制年龄和性别后，高龄老年人的下肢肌力对步速不具有显著直接预测作用(β = 0.029, P = 0.699)，但下肢肌力可通过动态平衡的部分中介(效应量0.0130, 95%CI 0.0073~0.0197)以及柔韧和动态平衡的链式中介(效应量0.0019, 95%CI 0.0003~0.0043)两条路径对高龄老年人的步速产生影响。
结论下肢肌力可以通过影响柔韧和动态平衡或单独影响动态平衡间接影响高龄老年人的步速。

关键词: 肌力, 步速, 柔韧, 动态平衡, 老年人

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the relationship between lower limb muscle strength and walking speed in older adults, and to analyze the mediating role of flexibility and dynamic balance.
Methods From November to December, 2021, a total of 155 older adults at the Shanghai Senior Sports and Health Home were included. Their basic health information was collected, and the lower limb muscle strength, flexibility, dynamic balance and walking speed were tested. A mediated effects analysis was conducted.
Results There was a pairwise correlation among lower limb muscle strength, flexibility, dynamic balance and walking speed in older adults (r > 0.210, P < 0.01). In the mediated effects model, after controlling for age and gender, lower limb muscle strength did not directly predict walking speed in older adults (β = 0.029, P = 0.699), however, lower limb muscle strength could influence walking speed through the partial mediation of dynamic balance (effect = 0.0130, 95% CI 0.0073~0.0197) and the chain mediation of lower flexibility and dynamic balance (effect = 0.0019, 95% CI 0.0003~0.0043).
Conclusion Lower limb muscle strength can indirectly affect walking speed in older adults through the mediators of flexibility and dynamic balance, or the dynamic balance alone.

Key words: muscle strength, walking speed, flexibility, dynamic balance, older adults

中图分类号:

R592

谭晓欢, 姜桂萍, 黄芯怡, 王丹丹, 张磊, 卜庆国, 吴雪萍. 社区高龄老年人下肢肌力与步速的关系：柔韧和动态平衡的链式中介作用[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2023, 29(6): 646-653.

TAN Xiaohuan, JIANG Guiping, HUANG Xinyi, WANG Dandan, ZHANG Lei, BU Qingguo, WU Xueping. Relationship between lower limb muscle strength and walk speed in community dwelling older adults: the chain mediating role of flexibility and dynamic balance[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2023, 29(6): 646-653.

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性别	年龄/岁	身高/m	体质量/kg	体质量指数/(kg•m^-2)
男性	80.45±3.91	1.66±0.66	67.80±10.33	24.36±3.41
女性	78.57±3.49	1.55±0.65	60.17±9.37	24.51±4.30

变量	测量值	年龄	性别	TUGT	座椅体前屈	30sCST	步速
年龄/岁	79.460±3.804	1
性别(男= 1，女= 2)	1.530±0.501	-0.247^a	1
TUGT/s	8.057±2.199	0.318^a	-0.048	1
座椅体前屈/cm	-2.230±11.582	-0.225^a	0.380^a	-0.332^b	1
30sCST/个	15.410±4.971	-0.212^a	-0.052	-0.440^b	0.210^a	1
步速/m·s^-1	1.247±0.362	-0.225^a	-0.028	-0.570^b	0.218^a	0.289^b	1

变量		拟合指标			效应量
结果变量	预测变量	R	R²	F值	β	t值	P值
步速	30sCST	0.338	0.114	6.532	0.245	3.117^b	0.002
	年龄				-0.061	-2.312^a	0.022
	性别				-0.180	-0.772	0.440
座椅体前屈	年龄	0.456	0.208	13.217	-0.088	-1.146	0.253
	性别				0.374	4.985^b	< 0.001
	30sCST				0.208	2.801^b	0.005
TUGT	年龄	0.541	0.292	15.527	0.210	2.881^b	0.004
	性别				0.080	1.047	0.296
	30sCST				-0.340	-4.692^b	< 0.001
	座椅体前屈				-0.242	-3.146^b	0.002
步速	年龄	0.579	0.335	15.033	-0.061	-0.837	0.403
	性别				-0.088	-1.176	0.241
	30sCST				0.029	0.387	0.699
	座椅体前屈				0.057	0.740	0.460
	TUGT				-0.523	-6.586^b	< 0.001

项目	Effect	SE	95%CI	效应相对占比
总间接效应	0.0158	0.0036	0.0094~0.0235	88.27%
下肢肌力→柔韧→步速	0.0009	0.0012	-0.0010~0.0037	5.03%
下肢肌力→平衡→步速	0.0130	0.0032	0.0073~0.0197	72.63%
下肢肌力→柔韧→平衡→步速	0.0019	0.0010	0.0003~0.0043	10.61%
直接效应	0.0021	0.0055	-0.0087~0.0130	11.73%
总效应	0.0179	0.0057	0.0066~0.0293

社区高龄老年人下肢肌力与步速的关系：柔韧和动态平衡的链式中介作用

Relationship between lower limb muscle strength and walk speed in community dwelling older adults: the chain mediating role of flexibility and dynamic balance

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