运用心理教育量表(第3版)评估孤独症谱系障碍儿童心理行为特征

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2023.09.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的分析孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)患儿在心理教育量表第3版(PEP3)中的心理行为特征。

方法 2021年10月至2022年10月于滨州医学院附属医院儿童保健科确诊为ASD未经干预的患儿192例为观察组，同期保健就诊的健康儿童96例为对照组，采用PEP3进行评定。

结果观察组语言理解落后于语言表达(t = 5.383，P < 0.001)；认知、语言表达、语言理解、小肌肉、大肌肉、模仿、个人自理与年龄呈正相关(r = 0.540~0.795, P < 0.001)。观察组中，PEP3的Cronbach α = 0.810~0.947。观察组PEP3各子测验原始评分显著低于对照组(|t| > 4.267, P < 0.001)。

结论 ASD患儿语言理解发展落后于语言表达，认知和运动功能随着年龄的增长而发展，而不适应行为与年龄的相关性较小。PEP3有较好的内部一致性信度和区分效度。

关键词: 孤独症谱系障碍, 心理教育量表第3版, 发育, 内部一致性, 效度

Abstract:

Objective To explore psychological and behavioral characteristics of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using Psycho-educational Profile (Third Edition) (PEP3).

Methods From October, 2021 to October, 2022, 192 children with ASD without intervention in the Binzhou Medical University Hospital were selected as observation group, and 96 healthy children who visited at the same time were selected as control group. They were assessed with PEP3.

Results The development of receptive language significantly delayed behind expressive language (t = 5.383, P < 0.001) in the observation group. The cognitive, expressive language, receptive language, fine motor, gross motor, imitation and personal self-care correlated with age (r = 0.540 to 0.795, P < 0.001). The Cronbach's α of PEP3 for the observation group was 0.810 to 0.947. The original score of each subtest of PEP3 was less in the observation group than in the control group (|t| > 4.267, P < 0.001).

Conclusion The development of receptive language retards behind the expressive language in children with ASD. Cognitive and motor functions develop with age, while the correlation between maladaptive behavior and age is weak. PEP3 is reliable in internal consistency, and valid in discrimination.

Key words: autism spectrum disorder, Psychoeducational Profile-Third Edition, development, internal consistency, validity

中图分类号:

R749.93

耿立蒙, 刘聪聪, 李玲, 吕攀攀, 王鑫, 刘芳. 运用心理教育量表(第3版)评估孤独症谱系障碍儿童心理行为特征[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2023, 29(9): 1035-1039.

GENG Limeng, LIU Congcong, LI Ling, LÜ Panpan, WANG Xin, LIU Fang. Psychological and behavioral characteristics of children with autism spectrum disorder using Psycho-educational Profile (Third Edition)[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2023, 29(9): 1035-1039.

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组别	n	性别(男/女)/n	年龄/月
对照组	96	77/19	42.71±16.02
观察组	192	156/36	42.49±15.41
χ²/t值		0.045	-0.107
P值		0.832	0.915

项目	n	性别		年龄
项目	n	F值	P值	r值	P值
认知	192	5.894	0.016	0.786	< 0.001
语言表达	192	8.675	0.004	0.795	< 0.001
语言理解	192	0.282	0.596	0.685	< 0.001
小肌肉	192	3.883	0.050	0.723	< 0.001
大肌肉	192	0.794	0.374	0.540	< 0.001
模仿	192	0.709	0.401	0.577	< 0.001
情感表达	192	0.404	0.526	0.337	< 0.001
社交互动	192	0.354	0.552	0.368	< 0.001
非语言行为特征	192	8.675	0.004	0.281	< 0.001
语言行为特征	192	0.829	0.364	0.389	< 0.001
问题行为	192	7.388	0.007	0.276	< 0.001
个人自理	192	2.167	0.143	0.697	< 0.001
适应性行为	192	0.019	0.890	0.263	< 0.001

项目	Cronbach α
认知	0.947
语言表达	0.932
语言理解	0.941
小肌肉	0.906
大肌肉	0.881
模仿	0.864
情感表达	0.866
社交互动	0.875
非语言行为特征	0.833
语言行为特征	0.814
问题行为	0.822
个人自理	0.810
适应性行为	0.853

项目	对照组 (n = 96)	观察组 (n = 192)	t值	P值
认知	51.94±10.84	33.16±17.08	-9.824	< 0.001
语言表达	34.94±11.01	19.84±11.63	-10.565	< 0.001
语言理解	35.63±11.24	16.88±14.20	-11.287	< 0.001
小肌肉	34.06±3.80	28.91±7.68	-6.203	< 0.001
大肌肉	28.31±1.41	26.31±4.48	-4.267	< 0.001
模仿	18.06±1.53	12.97±4.70	-10.343	< 0.001
情感表达	21.75±1.83	17.44±3.19	-12.270	< 0.001
社交互动	21.06±2.50	14.06±4.28	-14.796	< 0.001
非语言行为特征	29.56±0.94	25.94±4.20	-8.358	< 0.001
语言行为特征	19.69±0.92	11.03±4.85	-17.315	< 0.001