跑步疲劳进程中人体下肢着地冲击时的肌肉激活变化特征

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2024.10.012

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2024, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (10): 1215-1223.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2024.10.012

跑步疲劳进程中人体下肢着地冲击时的肌肉激活变化特征

吴倩¹, 魏梦力¹^,², 曹偲佳¹, 于婷婷¹, 钟亚平¹^,²()

1.武汉体育学院运动训练学院，湖北武汉市 430079
2.湖北省运动与健康创新发展研究中心，湖北武汉市 430079

收稿日期:2024-08-20 修回日期:2024-09-22 出版日期:2024-10-25 发布日期:2024-11-08
通讯作者: 钟亚平(1968-)，男，湖北武汉市人，博士，教授，主要研究方向：运动训练理论与实践。E-mail： zhongyaping@whsu.edu.cn
作者简介:吴倩(1998-)，女，苗族，湖北恩施市人，硕士，主要研究方向：运动训练理论与实践；
魏梦力(1995-)，男，汉族，湖北襄阳市人，博士研究生，主要研究方向：运动控制理论与实践。吴倩和魏梦力并列第一作者。
基金资助:
湖北省高等学校省级教学研究项目(2022395);国家社会科学基金后期资助重点项目(22FTYA001)

Changes of muscle activation during landing impact of human lower limbs during accumulation of running fatigue

WU Qian¹, WEI Mengli¹^,², CAO Sijia¹, YU Tingting¹, ZHONG Yaping¹^,²()

1. College of Sports Training, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
2. Hubei Sports and Health Innovation and Development Research Center, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China

Received:2024-08-20 Revised:2024-09-22 Published:2024-10-25 Online:2024-11-08
Contact: ZHONG Yaping, E-mail： zhongyaping@whsu.edu.cn
Supported by:
Hubei Provincial Higher Education Reform Project(2022395);National Social Science Foundation-later Stage (Key)(22FTYA001)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探究跑步疲劳进程中人体下肢着地冲击时的肌肉激活变化。

方法 2022年11月至12月，于武汉体育学院招募11例男性跑者，分别以个人75%最大心率强度进行恒定负荷跑，并持续至Borg评分≥ 17和个人90%最大心率时停止。采用Delsys无线表面肌电系统，全程记录被试的股四头肌(股内侧肌、股直肌、股外侧肌)、腘绳肌(股二头肌、半腱肌)、臀大肌、腓肠肌外侧头和胫骨前肌的肌电数据，分析下肢肌肉预激活、后激活和共激活特征。

结果随着跑步疲劳积累，不同疲劳时刻间胫骨前肌的预激活水平存在显著性差异(F = 2.955, P = 0.048)，100%时刻的胫骨前肌预激活水平高于start时刻(P = 0.010)。不同疲劳时刻间股四头肌的后激活水平存在明显差异(F = 6.609, P = 0.001)，其中100%时刻的股四头肌后激活水平高于start时刻(P = 0.011)、33% (P = 0.009)和67% (P = 0.043)时刻。不同疲劳时刻间踝关节预激活阶段的共激活比存在显著性差异(F = 3.287, P = 0.034)，其中100%时刻的踝关节预激活阶段的共激活比大于start时刻(P = 0.023)。

结论随着跑步疲劳积累，中枢系统会调节下肢各肌肉的激活水平，以调整下肢着地冲击时的姿态，进而降低下肢负荷累积所带来的损伤风险。

关键词: 跑步, 运动疲劳, 表面肌电, 神经肌肉控制

Abstract:

Objective To investigate changes of muscle activation in the lower limbs during landing impact as running fatigue progresses.

Methods From November to December, 2022, eleven male runners were recruited from Wuhan Sports University. They performed a steady-state run at 75% of their maximum heart rate and continued until Borg rating score ≥ 17 or 90% of their maximum heart rate. Muscle activity data were collected using a Delsys wireless surface electromyography system, continuously recording the EMG of the quadriceps (vastus medialis, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis), hamstrings (biceps femoris, semitendinosus), gluteus maximus, lateral head of the gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior. The pre-activation, post-activation and co-activation characteristics of these lower limb muscles were analyzed.

Results With fatigue accumulation during running, significant differences were observed in the pre-activation level of the tibialis anterior among different fatigue points (F = 2.955, P = 0.048), with the 100% fatigue point showing significantly higher pre-activation levels than the start (P = 0.010); as well as post-activation levels of quadriceps (F = 6.609, P = 0.001), with higher levels at the 100% point compared to the start (P = 0.011), 33% (P = 0.009) and 67% (P = 0.043) fatigue points; co-activation ratios of ankle joint during the pre-activation phase (F = 3.287, P = 0.034), with a significantly higher co-activation ratio at the 100% fatigue point compared to the start (P = 0.023).

Conclusion As running fatigue accumulates, the central nervous system adjusts the activation levels of various lower limb muscles to modify impact posture, reducing the risk of injury from accumulated lower limb loads.

Key words: running, exercise fatigue, surface electromyography, neuromuscular control

中图分类号:

R318.01

吴倩, 魏梦力, 曹偲佳, 于婷婷, 钟亚平. 跑步疲劳进程中人体下肢着地冲击时的肌肉激活变化特征[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2024, 30(10): 1215-1223.

WU Qian, WEI Mengli, CAO Sijia, YU Tingting, ZHONG Yaping. Changes of muscle activation during landing impact of human lower limbs during accumulation of running fatigue[J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2024, 30(10): 1215-1223.

图/表 5

参考文献 58

[1]	SCHEER V, TILLER N B, DOUTRELEAU S, et al. Potential long-term health problems associated with ultra-endurance running: a narrative review[J]. Sports Med, 2022, 52(4): 725-740.
[2]	KUTAC P, BUNC V, BUZGA M, et al. The effect of regular running on body weight and fat tissue of individuals aged 18 to 65[J]. J Physiol Anthropol, 2023, 42(1): 28.
[3]	KAKOURIS N, YENER N, FONG D T P. A systematic review of running-related musculoskeletal injuries in runners[J]. J Sport Health Sci, 2021, 10(5): 513-522.
[4]	BENCA E, LISTABARTH S, FLOCK F K J, et al. Analysis of running-related injuries: the Vienna Study[J]. J Clin Med, 2020, 9(2): 438.
[5]	VAN MECHELEN W. Running injuries[J]. Sports Med, 1992, 14(5): 320-335.
[6]	RAGHUNANDAN A, CHARNOFF J N, MATSUWAKA S T. The epidemiology, risk factors, and nonsurgical treatment of injuries related to endurance running[J]. Curr Sports Med Rep, 2021, 20(6): 306-311.
[7]	YU P, LIANG M, FEKETE G, et al. Effect of running-induced fatigue on lower limb mechanics in novice runners[J]. Technol Health Care, 2021, 29(2): 231-242.
[8]	GARCÍA-PINILLOS F, CARTÓN-LLORENTE A, JAÉN-CARRILLO D, et al. Does fatigue alter step characteristics and stiffness during running?[J]. Gait Posture, 2020, 76: 259-263.
[9]	KYRÖLÄINEN H, PULLINEN T, CANDAU R, et al. Effects of marathon running on running economy and kinematics[J]. Eur J Appl Physiol, 2000, 82(4): 297-304. pmid: 10958372
[10]	WILLWACHER S, KURZ M, ROBBIN J, et al. Running-related biomechanical risk factors for overuse injuries in distance runners: a systematic review considering injury specificity and the potentials for future research[J]. Sports Med, 2022, 52(8): 1863-1877. doi: 10.1007/s40279-022-01666-3 pmid: 35247202
[11]	JEWELL C, HAMILL J, VON T V, et al. Altered multi-muscle coordination modes in habitual forefoot runners during a prolonged, exhaustive run[J]. Eur J Sport Sci, 2019, 19(8): 1062-1071.
[12]	魏梦力, 钟亚平, 吴倩, 等. 跑步疲劳进程中人体下肢肌肉协同模式变化[J]. 中国康复医学杂志, 2024, 39(9): 1295-1303,1315.
	WEI M L, ZHONG Y P, WU Q, et al. Changes of muscle synergy mode of human lower limbs during the fatigue running[J]. Chin J Rehabil Med, 2024, 39(9): 1295-1303, 1315.
[13]	魏梦力, 钟亚平, 吕一翔, 等. 经颅直流电刺激对人体单腿着地神经肌肉控制能力的影响[J]. 中国运动医学杂志, 2023, 42(4): 266-276.
	WEI M L, ZHONG Y P, LÜ Y X, et al. Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on the neuromuscular control ability during human single-leg landing[J]. Chin J Sports Med, 2023, 42(4): 266-276.
[14]	林秦兆, 魏梦力, 钟亚平, 等. 经颅直流电刺激对人体单腿落地稳定性的影响[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2024, 28(26): 4209-4215.
	LIN Q Z, WEI M L, ZHONG Y P, et al. Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on human single-leg landing stability[J]. Chin J Tissue Eng Res, 2024, 28(26): 4209-4215.
[15]	ALI M J. Fatigue analysis in recreational active runners & development of a realtime fatigue prediction model[D]. Singapore: Nanyang Technological University, 2018: 62-65.
[16]	罗震, 王俊清, 张希妮, 等. 跑步疲劳进程中下肢生物力学模式的非线性变化研究[J]. 中国体育科技, 2021, 57(3): 29-36.
	LUO Z, WANG J Q, ZHANG X N, et al. Nonlinear adaptations in lower extremity biomechanics during a fatiguing run[J]. Chin Sport Sci Technol, 2021, 57(3): 29-36.
[17]	ZHAO K, SHAN C, LUXIMON Y. Contributions of individual muscle forces to hip, knee, and ankle contact forces during the stance phase of running: a model-based study[J]. Health Inform Sci Syst, 2022, 10(1): 11.
[18]	SAITO A, TOMITA A, ANDO R, et al. Muscle synergies are consistent across level and uphill treadmill running[J]. Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1): 1-10.
[19]	HAJILOO B, ANBARIAN M, ESMAEILI H, et al. The effects of fatigue on synergy of selected lower limb muscles during running[J]. J Biomech, 2020, 103: 1-6.
[20]	VESTERINEN V, NUMMELA A, ÄYRÄMÖ S, et al. Monitoring training adaptation with a submaximal running test under field conditions[J]. Int J Sports Physiol Perform, 2016, 11(3): 393-399.
[21]	SHARIFI M, HAMEDINIA M R, HOSSEINI-KAKHAK S A. The effect of an exhaustive aerobic, anaerobic and resistance exercise on serotonin, beta-endorphin and BDNF in students[J]. Phys Educ Student, 2018, 22(5): 272-277.
[22]	RAMEZANPOURA M R, MOGHADDAMA A, SHADIFARB E, et al. The effects of listening to three types of music during exercise on heart rate, blood pressure, rating of perceived exertion and fatigue onset time[J]. Life Sci J, 2013, 10(5): 522-527.
[23]	BORGIA B, DUFEK J S, SILVERNAIL J F, et al. The effect of fatigue on running mechanics in older and younger runners[J]. Gait Posture, 2022, 97: 86-93. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2022.07.249 pmid: 35914388
[24]	RADGIGLOU S N, SAFARZADE A, SHIRINBAYAN V. Comparison of two types of high-intensity interval training: heart rate based vs. speed/time based[J]. Asian J Sports Med, 2022, 13(3): e123355.
[25]	BORGIA B, FREEDMAN SILVERNAIL J, BECKER J. Joint coordination when running in minimalist, neutral, and ultra-cushioning shoes[J]. J Sports Sci, 2020, 38(8): 855-862.
[26]	DUTTO D J, SMITH G A. Changes in spring-mass characteristics during treadmill running to exhaustion[J]. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 2002, 34(8): 1324-1331.
[27]	NADERI A, MOEN M H, DEGENS H. Is high soleus muscle activity during the stance phase of the running cycle a potential risk factor for the development of medial tibial stress syndrome? A prospective study[J]. J Sports Sci, 2020, 38(20): 2350-2358.
[28]	DIERKS T A, DAVIS I S, HAMILL J. The effects of running in an exerted state on lower extremity kinematics and joint timing[J]. J Biomech, 2010, 43(15): 2993-2998. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.07.001 pmid: 20663506
[29]	RUAN M. Maximize muscle mechanical output during the stretch-shortening cycle: the contribution of preactivation and stretch load[D]. USA: Louisiana State University, 2007.
[30]	WANG I L, GRAHAM R B, BOURDON E J P, et al. Biomechanical analysis of running foot strike in shoes of different mass[J]. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 2020, 19(1): 130.
[31]	CUADRA C, WOJNICZ W, KOZINC Z, et al. Perceptual and motor effects of muscle co-activation in a force production task[J]. Neuroscience, 2020, 437: 34-44. doi: S0306-4522(20)30249-9 pmid: 32335217
[32]	袁鹏, 许贻林, 王丹, 等. 不同助跑速度条件下45°急停变向动作的膝和踝关节肌肉激活特征分析[J]. 体育科学, 2018, 38(8): 49-58.
	YUAN P, XU Y L, WANG D, et al. The muscle activation characteristics of knee and ankle during 45°side-step cutting task under different approach run speeds[J]. Chin Sport Sci, 2018, 38(8): 49-58.
[33]	VAN INGEN SCHENAU G J, BOBBERT M F, DE HAAN A. Mechanics and energetics of the stretch-shortening cycle: a stimulating discussion[J]. J Appl Biomech, 1997, 13(4): 484-496.
[34]	BUCHMANN A, WENZLER S, WELTE L, et al. The effect of including a mobile arch, toe joint, and joint coupling on predictive neuromuscular simulations of human walking[J]. Sci Rep, 2024, 14(1): 14879.
[35]	KUITUNEN S, KOMI P V, KYRÖLÄINEN H. Knee and ankle joint stiffness in sprint running[J]. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 2002, 34(1): 166-173.
[36]	MÜLLER R, GRIMMER S, BLICKHAN R. Running on uneven ground: leg adjustments by muscle pre-activation control[J]. Hum Mov Sci, 2010, 29(2): 299-310.
[37]	TAM N, SANTOS-CONCEJERO J, COETZEE D R, et al. Muscle co-activation and its influence on running performance and risk of injury in elite Kenyan runners[J]. J Sports Sci, 2017, 35(2): 175-181.
[38]	DI GIMINIANI R, GIOVANNELLI A, CAPUANO L, et al. Neuromuscular strategies in stretch-shortening exercises with increasing drop heights: the role of muscle coactivation in leg stiffness and power propulsion[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2020, 17(22): 8647.
[39]	PELTONEN J, CRONIN N J, STENROTH L, et al. Achilles tendon stiffness is unchanged one hour after a Marathon[J]. J Exp Biol, 2012, 215(20): 3665-3671.
[40]	HAN S, SON S J, KIM H, et al. Prelanding movement strategies among chronic ankle instability, coper, and control subjects[J]. Sports Biomech, 2022, 21(4): 391-407.
[41]	KERDOK A E, BIEWENER A A, MCMAHON T A, et al. Energetics and mechanics of human running on surfaces of different stiffnesses[J]. J Appl Physiol, 2002, 92(2): 469-478. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01164.2000 pmid: 11796653
[42]	CRONIN N J, CARTY C P, BARRETT R S. Triceps surae short latency stretch reflexes contribute to ankle stiffness regulation during human running[J]. PLoS One, 2011, 6(8): e23917.
[43]	ZHANG W, CHEN X, XU K, et al. Effect of unilateral training and bilateral training on physical performance: a meta-analysis[J]. Front Physiol, 2023, 14: 1128250.
[44]	CHAPPELL J D, CREIGHTON R A, GIULIANI C, et al. Kinematics and electromyography of landing preparation in vertical stop-jump: risks for noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury[J]. Am J Sports Med, 2007, 35(2): 235-241.
[45]	MALINZAK R A, COLBY S M, KIRKENDALL D T, et al. A comparison of knee joint motion patterns between men and women in selected athletic tasks[J]. Clin Biomech, 2001, 16(5): 438-445. doi: 10.1016/s0268-0033(01)00019-5 pmid: 11390052
[46]	DERRICK T R, DEREU D, MCLEAN S P. Impacts and kinematic adjustments during an exhaustive run[J]. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 2002, 34(6): 998-1002.
[47]	GERRITSEN K G M, VAN DEN BOGERT A J, NIGG B M. Direct dynamics simulation of the impact phase in heel-toe running[J]. J Biomech, 1995, 28(6): 661-668. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(94)00127-p pmid: 7601865
[48]	BENJAMINSE A, HABU A, SELL T C, et al. Fatigue alters lower extremity kinematics during a single-leg stop-jump task[J]. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc, 2008, 16(4): 400-407.
[49]	CAVANAGH P R, WILLIAMS K R. The effect of stride length variation on oxygen uptake during distance running[J]. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 1982, 14(1): 30-35.
[50]	HAMILL J, DERRICK T R, HOLT K G. Shock attenuation and stride frequency during running[J]. Hum Mov Sci, 1995, 14(1): 45-60.
[51]	SARKODIE G T. The human locomotor system: physiological and technological foundations[M]. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023: 1-76.
[52]	BOROTIKAR B S, NEWCOMER R, KOPPES R, et al. Combined effects of fatigue and decision making on female lower limb landing postures: central and peripheral contributions to ACL injury risk[J]. Clin Biomech, 2008, 23(1): 81-92. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2007.08.008 pmid: 17889972
[53]	HEWETT T E, MYER G D, FORD K R, et al. Biomechanical measures of neuromuscular control and valgus loading of the knee predict anterior cruciate ligament injury risk in female athletes: a prospective study[J]. Am J Sports Med, 2005, 33(4): 492-501.
[54]	DEFNE K U. Functional exercise anatomy and physiology for physiotherapists[M]. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023: 391-406.
[55]	BARATTA R, SOLOMONOW M, ZHOU B, et al. Muscular coactivation: the role of the antagonist musculature in maintaining knee stability[J]. Am J Sports Med, 1988, 16(2): 113-122.
[56]	RUAN M, LI L. Approach run increases preactivation and eccentric phases muscle activity during drop jumps from different drop heights[J]. J Electromyogr Kinesiol, 2010, 20(5): 932-938.
[57]	NOYES F R, BARBER-WESTIN S D, FLECKENSTEIN C, et al. The drop-jump screening test: difference in lower limb control by gender and effect of neuromuscular training in female athletes[J]. Am J Sports Med, 2005, 33(2): 197-207.
[58]	PAPPAS E, ZAMPELI F, XERGIA S A, et al. Lessons learned from the last 20 years of ACL-related in vivo-biomechanics research of the knee joint[J]. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc, 2013, 21(4): 755-766.

跑步疲劳进程中人体下肢着地冲击时的肌肉激活变化特征

Changes of muscle activation during landing impact of human lower limbs during accumulation of running fatigue

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 5

参考文献 58

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	朱博文, 赵素红, 李苗秀, 张帅攀, 姚重界, 朱清广, 房敏. 基于表面肌电图的手法治疗对老年人膝骨关节炎效果的随机对照试验[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2024, 30(9): 1099-1106.
[2]	陈灵慧, 郑琦, 李岩, 傅建明, 曾明, 金鑫, 陆晶晶. 在核心稳定训练基础上联合呼吸训练对慢性非特异性腰痛患者前馈控制的效果[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2024, 30(6): 737-744.
[3]	马圣楠, 柯竟悦, 董洪铭, 李建萍, 张洪浩, 刘超, 沈双, 李古强. 核心稳定性训练干预前交叉韧带重建术后动态平衡及表面肌电的效果[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2023, 29(8): 882-889.
[4]	崔尧, 丛芳, 黄富表, 曾明, 颜如秀. 不同镜像神经元训练策略下脑与肌肉的活动特征：基于近红外光谱与表面肌电图技术[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2023, 29(7): 782-790.
[5]	李丹, 王剑雄, 黄茂茂, 胥方元, 曾秋, 李佶钖, 李洋, 夏翠宏, 郑雅丹, 胥章彧, 方雯凤, 万腾刚. 健康中老年女性上下楼梯时下肢肌肉的表面肌电图表现[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2023, 29(6): 731-737.
[6]	朱旭,刘静,董泽萍,仇大伟. 基于表面肌电图手势动作意图识别的系统综述[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2022, 28(9): 1032-1038.
[7]	田亚星,洪永锋,阚秀丽,沈显山,毛晶,江炎,何紫艳,吴俣,胡伟,孙晓宁,胡顺银. 徒手感觉刺激对脑卒中偏瘫患者手指痉挛效果的表面肌电图观察[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2022, 28(5): 515-519.
[8]	周越,刘旭,孙悦梅,胡春英,朱悦彤,李渤. 不同运动模式下Flexi-bar训练对躯干稳定性肌肉的影响[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2022, 28(4): 384-388.
[9]	施晓剑,荣积峰,蔡斌,刘宇,韩甲. 物理治疗技术改善慢性踝关节不稳神经肌肉控制障碍的系统综述[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2022, 28(2): 132-143.
[10]	黄兆欣,张艺,崔晨曦,祝晓静,肖晓飞. 基于ICF的青年女性“内八字”步态生物力学分析[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2022, 28(12): 1459-1465.
[11]	郭京伟,葛瑞东,白硕,王家玺,吴帅,王乐. 等速被动运动模式下脑卒中患者下肢痉挛肌群表面肌电信号的特征[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2022, 28(12): 1473-1477.
[12]	职文倩,黄强,李蔷,李艳超,王宇章,杨明,刘晓华. 表面肌电在肘关节骨折术后患者运动功能评估中的应用[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2022, 28(12): 1478-1483.
[13]	李京月,张通,王亚囡,王晨. 三维动态捕捉系统结合表面肌电在脑卒中偏瘫患者上肢运动功能评估中的应用[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2022, 28(11): 1241-1246.
[14]	张静,郭峰. 指屈肌主动不足条件下屈指运动时神经肌肉的调控[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2021, 27(9): 1104-1109.
[15]	张梅莹,赵蕾,李慧,王颖颖,戴世友. 髋周肌群力量训练对功能性踝关节不稳的疗效及表面肌电评价[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2021, 27(8): 936-942.