《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2025, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 117-124.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2025.01.011

• 应用研究 • 上一篇    

老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者吞咽障碍的心理体验及护理需求的质性研究

龚娉1,2, 窦英茹3(), 戴雪梅3, 蒋雪萍1, 吴美芳1, 姜帆2   

  1. 1.宜兴市第二人民医院(宜兴市职业病防治院),江苏宜兴市 241221
    2.扬州大学护理学院·公共卫生学院,江苏扬州市 225009
    3.苏北人民医院公共卫生管理科,江苏扬州市 225001
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-21 修回日期:2024-12-20 出版日期:2025-01-25 发布日期:2025-01-22
  • 通讯作者: 窦英茹(1977-),女,汉族,江苏扬州市人,主任护师,副教授,硕士研究生导师,主要研究方向:老年慢性病、公共卫生管理,E-mail: dyrhwyz@163.com
  • 作者简介:龚娉(1987-),女,汉族,四川泸州市人,主管护师,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:老年慢性病、重症护理。
  • 基金资助:
    1.江苏省医院协会医院管理创新研究课题(JSYGY-3-2023-627);2.江苏省卫生应急研究所、徐州医科大学医疗卫生应急救援研究中心课题(JSWSYJ-20230201)

Psychological experiences and care needs of elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease following dysphagia: a qualitative research

GONG Ping1,2, DOU Yingru3(), DAI Xuemei3, JIANG Xueping1, WU Meifang1, JIANG Fan2   

  1. 1. Yixing No. 2 People's Hospital (Yixing Occupational Disease Institute), Yixing, Jiangsu 241221, China
    2. School of Nursing and Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
    3. Department of Public Health Management, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China
  • Received:2024-08-21 Revised:2024-12-20 Published:2025-01-25 Online:2025-01-22
  • Contact: DOU Yingru, E-mail: dyrhwyz@163.com
  • Supported by:
    Research Project on Hospital Management Innovation by Jiangsu Hospital Association(JSYGY-3-2023-627);Project from Jiangsu Institute of Health Emergency, Medical and Health Emergency Rescue Research Center of Xuzhou Medical University(JSWSYJ-20230201)

摘要:

目的 探索老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)吞咽障碍患者的心理体验和护理需求。

方法 2024年4月至6月,选取宜兴市第二人民医院(宜兴市职业病防治院)和苏北人民医院收治的13例COPD吞咽障碍患者,进行半结构化访谈。采用NVivo 12.0和内容分析法分析并归纳主题。

结果 共提炼出2个主题:内心体验包括吞咽呛咳导致的进食恐惧感、社交场合中的吞咽焦虑、对营养不良的担忧和家庭情感缺失;护理需求包括改善吞咽功能的需求、调整食物质地、疾病适应感援助和有效获取健康教育信息。

结论 医护人员应理解老年COPD吞咽障碍患者在心理和实际操作层面上的需求,制定并实施全面的护理策略,改善患者的吞咽功能和整体生活质量。

关键词: 慢性阻塞性肺疾病, 吞咽障碍, 赋能理论, 质性研究

Abstract:

Objective To explore psychological experiences and care needs of elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) following dysphagia.

Methods From April to June, 2024, 13 elderly patients with COPD and dysphagia received treatment in Yixing No. 2 People's Hospital (Yixing Occupational Disease Institute) and Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital were interviewed. Nvivo 11.0 and content analysis were employed to analyze and summarize themes.

Results Two main themes were identified. The psychological experiences included fear of eating due to swallowing and choking, swallowing anxiety in social situations, concerns about malnutrition, and emotional loss related to family. The care needs included improvement in swallowing function, adjustment of food texture, assistance with disease adaptation and effective access to health education information.

Conclusion Healthcare professionals should thoroughly understand the psychological and needs of elderly patients with COPD-related dysphagia, and comprehensive nursing strategies should be developed and implemented to improve swallowing function and overall quality of life.

Key words: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, dysphagia, empowerment theory, qualitative research

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