《中国康复理论与实践》

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2025, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (8): 987-992.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2025.08.016

• 应用研究 • 上一篇    

生命意义感和居住方式在日常生活活动能力对老年人抑郁影响中的效应

都丽露1, 姚仁魁1, 赵衍宇1, 李孟轩1, 邹敏1(), 张功法2()   

  1. 1.山东第二医科大学心理学院，山东潍坊市 261053
    2.潍坊市第三人民医院(潍坊市精神卫生中心)，山东潍坊市 261000
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-23 修回日期:2025-07-31 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-09-01
  • 通讯作者: 邹敏(1982-)，女，汉族，山东威海市人，博士，副教授，主要研究方向：发展与教育心理学、康复心理学，E-mail： zou_min@163.com； 张功法(1972-)，男，汉族，山东平度市人，研究员，主要研究方向：精神病学、心理学，E-mail： zhanggongfa@126.com。
  • 作者简介:都丽露(1998-)，女，汉族，四川成都市人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向：发展与教育心理学。
  • 基金资助:
    2025年山东省人文社会科学课题一般项目(入库在研);山东省医药卫生科技项目(2023BJ000023);山东第二医科大学心理学史课程思政项目(No.17)

Impact of meaning in life and living arrangements on association between activities of daily living and depression in older adults

DU Lilu1, YAO Renkui1, ZHAO Yanyu1, LI Mengxuan1, ZOU Min1(), ZHANG Gongfa2()   

  1. 1. School of Psychology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China
    2. Weifang Third People's Hospital (Weifang Mental Health Center), Weifang, Shandong 261000, China
  • Received:2025-06-23 Revised:2025-07-31 Published:2025-08-25 Online:2025-09-01
  • Supported by:
    Shandong Humanities and Social Sciences Project in 2025 (General) (Included Research Project in Progress);Shandong Medical and Health Science and Technology Project(2023BJ000023);Shandong Second Medical University Ideological and Political Education Project for History of Psychology Course(No.17)

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摘要：

目的 分析老年人的生命意义感和居住方式在日常生活活动能力对抑郁影响中的作用机制。

方法 2024年9月至11月，选取山东省潍坊市社区老年人，发放调查问卷，采用基本日常生活活动能力评定量表(BADL)、生命意义感量表(MLQ)、老年抑郁量表(GDS)以及包括居住方式在内的一般情况调查表进行调查。

结果 共发放问卷256份，回收有效问卷245份。不同个人月收入、居住方式的老年人间，GDS评分有显著性差异(F > 3.744, P < 0.05)。BADL评分与GDS评分呈显著正相关(r = 0.490, P < 0.001)，与MLQ评分呈显著负相关(r = -0.370, P < 0.001)；MLQ评分与GDS评分呈显著负相关(r = -0.369, P < 0.001)。BADL评分对GDS评分直接效应显著(效应值1.128，95%CI 0.829~1.427)，MLQ评分的中介效应显著(效应值0.171，95%CI 0.028~0.337)；相较于代际居住，独居在MLQ与GDS关系路径上的调节效应显著(|B| = 0.127, |t| = 2.103, P < 0.05)。

结论 老年人的生命意义感在日常生活活动能力与抑郁间具有部分中介效应，特别是对独居老年人的影响显著。

关键词: 老年人, 日常生活活动能力, 抑郁, 生命意义感, 居住方式

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the mechanisms of meaning in life and living arrangements impacting the effect of activities of daily living (ADL) on depression for older adults.

Methods From September to November, 2024, community-dwelling older adults from Weifang, Shandong, were investigated with questionnaire using Basic Activities of Daily Living Scale (BADL), Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and a general information questionnaire including living arrangements.

Results A total of 256 questionnaires were distributed, and 245 valid questionnaires were returned. There were significant differences in GDS scores among older adults with different personal monthly incomes and living arrangements (F > 3.744, P < 0.05). BADL scores were positively correlated with GDS scores (r = 0.490, P < 0.001) and negatively correlated with MLQ scores (r = -0.370, P < 0.001), and MLQ scores were negatively correlated with GDS scores (r = -0.369, P < 0.001). There was significant direct effect of BADL scores on GDS scores (effect = 1.128, 95%CI 0.829~1.427), and mediating effect of MLQ scores on the relationship between BADL and GDS scores (effect = 0.171, 95%CI 0.028~0.337). The moderating effect of living alone was significant (|B| = 0.127, |t| = 2.103, P< 0.05) on the association between MLQ and GDS, compared with intergenerational coresidence.

Conclusion Meaning in life partially mediates the association between ADL and depression in older adults, especially for those living alone.

Key words: older adults, activities of daily living, depression, meaning in life, living arrangements

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