《中国康复理论与实践》

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2013, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (05): 465-468.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

老年人生活方式与轻度认知功能障碍相关性研究

连国民，朱文波，周东升，刘文邦，徐银儿，陈中鸣   

  1. 宁波市康宁医院老年科，浙江宁波市315201。
  • 收稿日期:2013-01-30 修回日期:2013-03-06 出版日期:2013-05-25 发布日期:2013-05-25
  • 通讯作者: 陈中鸣

Correlation between Lifestyle Factors and Mild Cognitive Impairment in Old Adults

LIAN Guo-min, ZHU Wen-bo, ZHOU Dong-sheng, et al.   

  1. Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo 315201, Zhejiang, China
  • Received:2013-01-30 Revised:2013-03-06 Published:2013-05-25 Online:2013-05-25

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摘要： 目的分析生活方式相关因素和老年轻度认知功能障碍的关系。方法以在宁波市社区流行病学调查中筛查出的120例患者作为实验组，对照组按照性别、年龄(±2 岁)、文化程度作为配对条件，1∶2 配比在病患同社区选择健康老年人入组，共入组240 例，完成基线调查。结果单因素分析显示，实验组每天抽烟20 支以上、每周至少1 次家庭活动、退休后继续工作、旅游、积极参与社会活动、规律体育锻炼、休闲活动、棋牌、阅读、使用电脑、饮茶、食用咸菜及腌制品、认知功能训练、食用不饱和脂肪酸油类、食用鱼类及海产品、每天食用蔬菜均和老年痴呆相关(P<0.05)。多因素分析证实：积极参与社会活动(OR=0.562,95%CI: 0.359~0.723)、棋牌(OR=0.603, 95%CI: 0.323~0.884)、旅游(OR=0.683, 95%CI: 0.467~0.912)、退休后继续工作(OR=0.531,95%CI: 0. .326~0.724)、阅读(>30 min/d) (OR=0.272, 95%CI: 0.174~0.428)、使用电脑(>30 min/d) (OR=0.536, 95%CI: 0.427~0.869)、规律体育锻炼(OR=0.437, 95%CI: 0.316~0.732)、与朋友保持联系(OR=0.583, 95%CI: 0.385~0.765)、子女看望(OR=0.464, 95%CI:0.316~0.745)、食用多不饱和脂肪酸(OR=0.524, 95%CI: 0.368~0.787)、经常食用鱼及海产品(OR=0.224, 95%CI: 0.171~0.383)、每天食用蔬菜水果(OR=0.485, 95%CI: 0.316~0.665)为轻度认知功能障碍的保护因素。结论实行积极、休闲生活方式，规律的体育锻炼，健康合理饮食，避免危险因素，可有效降低轻度认知功能障碍的发病风险。

关键词: 轻度认知功能障碍, 危险因素, 生活方式

Abstract: Objective To investigate the factors of lifestyle associated with the mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods A 1∶ 2 matched case-control study investigated 120 patients of MCI and 240 healthy controls with lifestyle factors associated with MCI. Results Multiple factors analysis confirmed that, participate in social activities (OR=0.562, 95%CI: 0.359~0.723), playing chess or joke (OR=0.603,95%CI: 0.323~0.884), travelling (OR=0.683, 95%CI: 0.467~0.912), continue to work after retirement (OR=0.531, 95%CI: 0. .326~0.724),reading (OR=0.272, 95%CI: 0.174~0.428), using computer (OR=0.536, 95%CI: 0.427~0.869), regular physical exercise (OR=0.437, 95% CI: 0.316~0.732), friendship (OR=0.583, 95%CI: 0.385~0.765), meeting children (OR=0.464, 95%CI: 0.316~0.745), intaking unsaturated fatty acids (OR=0.524, 95%CI: 0.368~0.787), often eating fish and seafood (OR=0.224, 95%CI: 0.171~0.383), daily consumption of fruits and vegetables (OR=0.485, 95%CI: 0.316~0.665) were protective factors for MCI. Conclusion A positive, leisure lifestyle, health reasonable diet and avoiding risk factors could effectively reduce the risk of MCI.

Key words: mild cognitive impairment, risk factors, life style