《中国康复理论与实践》

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2015, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (05): 595-601.

• 特稿 • 上一篇    下一篇

健康教育在慢性阻塞性肺疾病社区康复中的意义

何霏，张雯，赵莹楚，陈文华   

  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2015-05-25 发布日期:2015-05-25

Application of Health Education in Community-based Rehabilitation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

HE Fei, ZHANG Wen, ZHAO Ying-chu, CHEN Wen-hua   

  1. Department of Rehabilitation, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai 200080, China
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2015-05-25 Online:2015-05-25

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摘要： 目的探讨健康教育对稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者社区康复的意义。方法对前期研究的46 例社区稳定期COPD患者(干预组和对照组各23 例)，于2013 年10 月及2014 年1 月进行两次电话随访，采用Bristol COPD知识问卷(BCKQ)、改良Borg 评分、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、COPD评估测试(CAT)进行调查。第1 轮随访时给予健康教育。结果第1次随访时，干预组各项评分均恶化(P<0.05)，除SAS、SDS外，与对照组已无显著性差异(P>0.05)；其中文化程度较高者，评分无显著性恶化(P>0.05)。第2 次随访时，干预组各项评分明显改善(P<0.01)，对照组也有改善(P<0.05)，两组间BCKQ、改良Borg 评分、CAT评分有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论稳定期COPD患者社区康复效果可逆。电话随访式健康教育能提高COPD患者的疾病认知，减轻呼吸困难，改善心理和生活质量。

关键词: 慢性阻塞性肺疾病, 健康教育, 随访, 社区康复

Abstract: Objective To explore the significance of health education for patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in community-based rehabilitation based on the previous research. Methods 46 patients with stable COPD recruited in Implementation and Management of COPD Community Rehabilitation Program (23 patients from the intervention group and 23 from the control group) were followed up with telephone twice in October 2013 and January 2014, with the Bristol COPD Knowledge Questionnaire (BCKQ), modified Borg Scale, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and COPD Assessment Test (CAT). Individual health education was given once in the first follow-up in October 2013. Results In the follow-up in October 2013, scores of each assessment were worse in the intervention group (P<0.05). There was no longer statistical significance between the intervention group and the control group (P>0.05) in all the assessments except the mental status (SAS, SDS). But the cases with higher education level in the intervention group were not worse too much (P>0.05). In the follow-up in January 2014, the scores of each assessment improved in the intervention group (P< 0.01) and the control group (P<0.05). There was statistical significance between the intervention group and the control group again in the scores of BCKQ, modified Borg Scale and CAT (P<0.05). Conclusion The benefit from community-based rehabilitation can be reversible for patients with stable COPD. Health education with telephone in follow-up can improve the patients' awareness of disease, reduce dyspnea, and improve their mental status and quality of life.

Key words: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, health education, follow-up, community-based rehabilitation