《中国康复理论与实践》

《中国康复理论与实践》

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早期运动训练对大鼠局灶性脑缺血后运动功能及磁共振弥散张量成像的影响①

米海霞，张通，缪培，张玉阁   

  1. 1.首都医科大学康复医学院，北京市100068；2.中国康复研究中心北京博爱医院，北京市100068。
  • 出版日期:2016-01-25 发布日期:2016-05-23

Effects of Early Exercise on Motor Function and Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Rats after Focal Cerebral Ischemia

MI Hai-xia, ZHANG Tong, MIAO Pei, ZHANG Yu-ge   

  1. 1. Capital Medical University School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Beijing 100068, China; 2. Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 100068, China
  • Published:2016-01-25 Online:2016-05-23

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摘要： 目的探究早期运动干预对大鼠局灶性脑缺血后运动功能的影响及脑机制。方法21 只Sprague-Dawley 雄性大鼠分为假手术组(n=7)、自然恢复组(n=7)和运动训练组(n=7)，后两组线栓法复制局灶性脑缺血模型。运动训练组于造模术后24 h 进行跑轮训练14 d。所有大鼠术后21 d 行Rogers 神经功能缺损评分及平衡木测试；各组选取行为学评分相近的4 只大鼠行核磁共振弥散张量成像(DTI)扫描，测量脑缺血区域(L)及对侧相应区域(R)的部分各向异性(FA)和表观弥散系数(ADC)及其比值(r)；弥散张量纤维束示踪(DTT)观察各组纤维束的形态。结果假手术组Rogers 评分显著低于模型各组(Z=-0.786, P<0.001)，运动训练组与自然恢复组无显著性差异(P>0.05)。自然恢复组平衡评分显著高于假手术组和运动训练组(F=38.11, P<0.001)，运动训练组与假手术组间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。自然恢复组LFA与假手术组相比有显著性差异(P<0.05)，而运动训练组与自然恢复组和假手术组均无显著性差异(P>0.05)；自然恢复组rFA低于假手术组及运动训练组(F=19.30, P<0.05)，而运动训练组与假手术组无显著性差异(P>0.05)。自然恢复组ADC和rADC与假手术组之间可能有显著性差异(P=0.056, P=0.057)，运动训练组与另两组间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。LFA和rFA与各项行为学评分有较高相关性(r=-0.90~-0.70, P<0.01)；LADC和rADC与平衡功能无相关性(P>0.05)，与其他行为学评分有中等相关性(r=0.50~0.75, P<0.05)。DTT显示，运动训练组和自然恢复组纤维成分、疏密程度两侧不对称，病灶侧各方向纤维减少、部分缺失；运动训练组病灶侧神经纤维较自然恢复组密集，对称性及连续性好。结论早期进行运动训练能够促进大鼠局灶性脑缺血后运动功能恢复，可能与保护损伤侧神经纤维完整性有关。

关键词: 脑卒中, 脑缺血, 运动训练, 弥散张量成像, 神经纤维, 大鼠

Abstract: Objective To explore the effects of early exercise on motor function and the mechanism in rats after focal cerebral ischemia. Methods 21 Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into control group (n=7), natural recovery group (n=7) and exercise training group (n= 7), and the latter 2 groups were modeled with middle cerebral artery occlusion. The exercise training group received wheel running exercise 24 hours after modeling for 14 days. They were assessed with Rogers score and beam balance test 21 days after modeling. 4 rats in each group received routine MRI and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scanning. The fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of ischemic (L) and contralateral side (R) were measured, and the rate of them (L/R, r) was calculated. Results There was significant difference in Rogers score among the groups (Z=-0.786, P<0.001), but no significant difference between the natural recovery group and the exercise training group (P>0.05). Beam balance score of the natural recovery group was significantly different from the control group and the exercise training group (F=38.11, P<0.001), but there was no significant difference between the latters (P>0.05). The LFA of the natural recovery group was significantly different from the control group (P<0.05), but not significantly different from the exercise training group (P>0.05); while the rFA of the natural recovery group was significantly different from the control group and the exercise training group (F= 19.30, P<0.05). LADC and rADC might be different between the control group and the natural recovery group (P=0.056, P=0.057), but not significantly different between the natural recovery group and the exercise training group (P>0.05). LFA and rFA strongly correlated with all the behavior scores (r=-0.90--0.70, P<0.01); while LADC and rADC moderately correlated with the behavior scores (r=0.50-0.75, P<0.05), except balance (P>0.05). DTT showed that the direction and density of neural fibers were significantly asymmetrical in the natural recoverygroup and the exercise training group, and more symmetrical in the exercise training group. Conclusion Early exercise can promotethe neural functional recovery in rats after focal cerebral ischemia, which may associate with the improve of conduction of fibers.

Key words: stroke, cerebral ischemia, exercise, diffusion tensor imaging, neural fibers, rats