《中国康复理论与实践》

《中国康复理论与实践》

• 心理康复 • 上一篇    下一篇

孤独症儿童上肢运动缺陷及相关因素研究①

王梅1，耿迪2，杨艳平3，王文艳1   

  1. 1.北京联合大学特殊教育学院，北京市100075；2.北京市东城区特殊教育学校，北京市100013；3.北京市丰台培智中心学校，北京市100076。
  • 出版日期:2016-02-25 发布日期:2016-06-01

Upper Limb Movement Deficiency in Children with Autism and Related Factors

WANG Mei1, GENG Di2, YANG Yan-ping3, WANG Wen-yan1   

  1. 1. Special Education College of Beijing Union University, Beijing 100075, China; 2. Special Education School of Dongcheng District of Beijing, Beijing 100013, China; 3. School for Mental Retardation of Fengtai District of Beijing, Beijing 100076, China
  • Published:2016-02-25 Online:2016-06-01

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摘要： 目的探讨孤独症儿童上肢运动缺陷及相关因素。方法2014 年2~5 月北京市4 所学校30 名7~13 岁孤独症儿童和30 名7~8 岁的普通儿童，依据儿童运动发展自编测试表对其上肢运动能力进行测试。结果孤独症儿童除右上肢肌张力(P>0.05)外， 其他上肢运动明显落后于普通儿童(P<0.01)。孤独症男生的左、右上肢运动耐力均好于女生(P=0.020)，其他方面无显著性差异(P> 0.05)。孤独症上肢运动多型与肩井穴不通呈中高相关(r=0.515, P=0.013)，与上肢运动少型显著性差异(χ2=8.533, P=0.003)。结论 孤独症儿童与普通儿童比较，上肢关节活动相对灵活、力量不足、持久性差、左右手发展不均衡，要结合他们的运动特点和经络 通畅情况进行相应的运动康复。

关键词: 孤独症, 运动能力, 上肢运动

Abstract: Objective To explore the deficiency of upper limb movement in children with autism and its related factors. Methods 30 autism children aged 7-13 years old, and 30 healthy children aged 7-8 years from February to May, 2014 were enrolled. Their range of motion, comprehensive strength and cooperation, endurance, and muscular tension were tested. Results All the indexes of autism children lagged behind the healthy children (P<0.01), expect the muscular tension of the right upper limb (P>0.05). The endurance of boys was better than girls (P=0.020), and there was no difference in other aspects between them (P>0.05). The type of autism for more upper limb movement correlated with obstruction of Jianjing acupoint (GB21) (r=0.515, P=0.013), and was significantly different with the type of less limb movement (χ2=8.533, P=0.003). Conclusion Compared with healthy children, the joint motion is relatively flexible, but lack of strength, and with poor persistence and unbalance development between left and right upper limbs. Motor rehabilitation should be conducted according to their movement features and the condition of meridian.

Key words: autism, sports ability, upper limb movement