《中国康复理论与实践》

《中国康复理论与实践》

• 心理康复 • 上一篇    下一篇

残疾人自尊、自我控制与心理症状的关系研究①

张爽1，李楠柯1，李祚山1，密忠祥2   

  1. 1.重庆师范大学应用心理学实验室，重庆市401331；2. 中国康复研究中心，北京市100068。
  • 出版日期:2016-02-25 发布日期:2016-06-01

Relationship among Self-esteem, Self-control and Psychological Symptoms of People with Disabilities

ZHANG Shuang1, LI Nan-ke1, LI Zuo-shan1, MI Zhong-xiang2   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Applied Psychology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China; 2. China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 100068, China
  • Published:2016-02-25 Online:2016-06-01

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摘要： 目的探讨残疾人自尊、自我控制与心理症状的特点、关系以及自我控制在其中的中介作用，为残疾人心理服务体系建设提供依据。方法2015 年1~3 月使用方便抽样法对598 名残疾人以面访形式采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、自尊量表(SES)和自我控制量表(SCS)进行评定。结果残疾人心理问题检出率为58.03%。不同户籍(t=-4.664)、不同残疾类型(F=5.774)、不同收入来源(F=5.402)和不同文化程度(F=2.810)的残疾人SCL-90 评分上有显著性差异(P<0.05)。不同性别(t=2.049)、不同户籍(t=2.661)、是否先天残疾(t=-2.617)、不同残疾类型(F=5.338)和不同收入来源(F=4.476)在SCS 评分上有显著性差异(P<0.05)。是否先天残疾(t=-3.652)、不同文化程度(F=2.443)在SES 评分上有显著性差异(P<0.05)。残疾人SES 评分(r=-0.179)和SCS 评分(r=-0.396)与SCL-90 评分呈明显负相关(P<0.01)，SCS评分与SES 评分呈明显正相关(r=0.216, P<0.01)。SES 对SCL-90 回归效应显著(P<0.001)，SES 对SCS回归效应显著(P<0.001)，SES 和SCS对SCL-90 回归效应均显著(P<0.01)。结论残疾人自我控制在自尊与心理症状之间起到部分中介作用，自尊既直接影响心理症状又通过自我控制间接对其产生影响。

关键词: 残疾人, 心理症状, 自尊, 自我控制, 中介效应

Abstract: Objective To explore the characteristics and relationship among self- esteem, self- control and psychological symptoms of people with disablities, and to investigate the mediating effect of self-control. Methods 598 persons with disabilities, extracted by convenience sampling method from January to March, 2015, were assessed with Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), Self-esteem Scale (SES) and the Self-control Scale (SCS) face to face. Results The detection rate of psychological problems of disabled persons was 58.03%. There was significant difference in the scores of SCL-90 among the subjects of different census registers (t=-4.664), disability types (F=5.774), income sources (F=5.402) and education levels (F=2.810) (P<0.05). There was significant difference in the score of SCS among different genders (t=2.097), census registers (t=2.661), congenital disability or acquired disability (t=- 2.617), disability types (F=5.338) and income sources (F=4.476) (P<0.05). There was significant difference in the score of SES among congenital disability or acquired disability (t= 3.652), and different education levels (F=2.443) (P<0.05). The scores of SES (r=-0.179) and SCS (r=-0.396) negatively correlated with the score of SCL-90 (P<0.01), and the scores of SCS positively correlated with SES (r=0.216, P<0.01). SES had significant regression effect on SCL-90 and SCS. Both SES and SCS had significant regression effect on SCL-90 (P<0.01). Conclusion Self-control plays a part of the intermediary role between self-esteem and psychological symptoms, self-esteem can not only directly affect psychological symptoms, but also affect psychological symptoms through self-control.

Key words: people with disabilities, psychological symptoms, self-esteem, self-control, mediating effects