《中国康复理论与实践》

《中国康复理论与实践》

• 康复护理 • 上一篇    下一篇

吞咽功能训练对头颈部肿瘤放射治疗患者吞咽困难的效果①

张丽娟，姜男，赵岳   

  1. 天津医科大学护理学院，天津市300070。
  • 出版日期:2016-03-25 发布日期:2016-06-01

Effect of Swallowing Training on Dysphagia after Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Neoplasm

ZHANG Li-juan, JIANG Nan, ZHAO Yue   

  1. School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
  • Published:2016-03-25 Online:2016-06-01

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摘要： 目的探讨吞咽功能训练对头颈部肿瘤放射治疗患者吞咽困难的干预效果。方法2014 年3 月~2015 年8 月60 例头颈部肿瘤患者随机分为干预组和对照组，每组各30 例。对照组接受常规护理及相关健康教育，干预组在此基础上于放射治疗前2 周至放射治疗结束后3 个月进行吞咽功能训练。放射治疗结束后1 周、3 个月采用功能性经口摄食量表、安德森吞咽困难量表进行评价。结果放射治疗结束后1 周，干预组患者功能性经口摄食量表得分(Z=-3.195, P<0.01)、安德森吞咽困难量表总分及各维度评分(t>4.385, P<0.001)明显优于对照组。放射治疗结束后3 个月，干预组患者功能性经口摄食量表得分(Z=-4.436, P<0.01)、安德森吞咽困难量表总分及各维度评分(t>5.361, P<0.001)明显优于对照组。结论吞咽功能训练可改善头颈部肿瘤患者放射治疗引起的吞咽困难。

关键词: 肿瘤, 头, 颈, 放射治疗, 吞咽困难, 吞咽功能训练

Abstract: Objective To explore the effect of swallowing training on dysphagia in patients with head and neck neoplasm receiving radiotherapy. Methods 60 patients with head and neck neoplasm receiving radiotherapy from March, 2014 to August, 2015 were divided into intervention group (n=30) and control group (n=30) randomly. The control group received routine nursing and relevant health education, while the intervention group received swallowing training from 2 weeks before to 3 months after radiotherapy. They were assessed with Functional Oral Intake Scale and M. D. Anderson Dysphagia Inventory 1 week, 3 months after radiotherapy. Results The scores of Functional Oral Intake Scale (Z=-3.195, P<0.01), the total score of M. D. Anderson Dysphagia Inventory and the subscores (t>4.385, P<0.01) were better in the intervention group than in the control group 1 week after radiotherapy, as well as 3 months after radiotherapy (Z=-4.436, P< 0.01; t>5.361, P<0.01). Conclusion Swallowing training could improve the condition of dysphagia of head and neck neoplasm patients after radiotherapy.

Key words: neoplasm, head, neck, radiotherapy, dysphagia, swallowing training