脊髓损伤后植物神经反射异常的临床特点及防治措施

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2018.00.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 植物神经反射异常是一种多见于T₆及以上脊髓损伤人群中的急性病症,慢性脊髓损伤患者中发病率较高,常由损伤平面以下部位刺激诱发。突然的血压升高是主要的临床症状,未经处理的高血压可引起心脑血管意外甚至死亡。植物神经功能紊乱的发病机制可能与脊上调节功能障碍、发生神经可塑性变化以及相关受体发生变化有关。目前治疗及预防措施主要有去除诱因、体位调节及药物治疗。

关键词: 脊髓损伤, 植物神经反射异常, 临床特点, 机制, 处理, 综述

Abstract: Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is an emergency commonly happened in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) above T₆and especially in chronic SCI patients. AD is usually triggered by stimuli below the injury level. Sudden elevated blood pressure is the main clinical symptom and cardiovascular and/or cerebral complication even death if effective treatments are not provided. Mechanisms contributed to AD possibly are dysfunction of supra spinal control, plastic changes of neurons and receptors. Preventive measures and managements such as removal of risk factor, adjustment of body position, and pharmacological treatment are now in use.

Key words: spinal cord injury, autonomic dysreflexia, clinical characteristics, mechanism, treatment, review

中图分类号:

R651.2

熊巍, 苏跃, 张军卫, 王强. 脊髓损伤后植物神经反射异常的临床特点及防治措施[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2018, 24(10): 1172-1177.

XIONG Wei, SU Yue, ZHANG Jun-wei, WANG Qiang. Clinical Characteristics and Treatment of Autonomic Dysreflexia after Spinal Cord Injury (review)[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2018, 24(10): 1172-1177.

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