偏瘫患者口腔健康知识、态度及口腔卫生行为的调查

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2023.03.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的调查分析偏瘫患者口腔健康知识、口腔保健态度和口腔卫生行为情况。

方法 2019年8月15日至9月15日在北京博爱医院由脑卒中、脑外伤等中枢神经系统损伤导致的偏瘫患者，通过纸质问卷方式，调查其人口学信息、口腔健康知识、口腔保健态度和口腔卫生行为等情况。

结果发出问卷200份，收回有效问卷184份。刷牙习惯好的103例，能独立步行的患者刷牙习惯好的比例最高(χ² = 6.564，P = 0.038)；口腔健康知识平均分5.3，平均正确率75.7%；口腔保健态度平均分3.3，平均正性态度率81.8%，不同特征患者间无显著性差异(Z < 5.299, P > 0.05)。12个月内有口腔科就医经历59例，不同性别和出行方式间均无显著性差异(χ² < 4.707, P > 0.05)。

结论能独立步行的患者刷牙习惯好的比例最高，偏瘫患者口腔卫生知识及健康态度有待提高，口腔卫生服务利用较低。

关键词: 偏瘫, 口腔健康, 问卷调查

Abstract:

Objective To investigate and analyze the knowledge, attitude and behavior of oral health for hemiplegic patients.

Methods From August 15 to September 15, 2019, patients with hemiplegia caused by central nervous system damages such as stroke and traumatic brain injury in Beijing Bo'ai Hospital were investigated their demographic information, oral health behavior, oral health knowledge, oral health attitude and utilization of oral health services through paper questionnaires.

Results A total of 200 questionnaires were sent out and 184 valid questionnaires were collected. There were 103 patients with good brushing habits, and the highest proportion was in independent walkers (χ² = 6.564，P = 0.038). The average score of oral health knowledge was 5.3, and the average accuracy of oral health knowledge was 75.7%. The average score of oral health attitude was 3.3, and the average positive attitude was 81.8%. Both the knowledge and attuite scores were not significant in different characteristics (Z < 5.299, P > 0.05). There were 59 patients visiting institute of stomatology in past twelve months, and there was no significant difference among genders and travel modes (χ² < 4.707, P > 0.05).

Conclusion The brushing habits is well in independent walkers. The oral health knowledge and attitude of hemiplegia patients need to be improved, and the utilization of oral health services is low.

Key words: hemiplegia, oral health, questionnaire

中图分类号:

R742

刘思思, 王艺铮, 刘亚男, 惠慧, 吴晓莉, 王海锋. 偏瘫患者口腔健康知识、态度及口腔卫生行为的调查[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2023, 29(3): 368-372.

LIU Sisi, WANG Yizheng, LIU Ya'nan, HUI Hui, WU Xiaoli, WANG Haifeng. Investigation on oral health knowledge, attitude and behavior of hemiplegic patients[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2023, 29(3): 368-372.

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知识要点	正确认知	正确率/n(%)
刷牙时牙龈出血是正常的	否	150(81.52)
细菌可以引起牙龈发炎	是	140(76.11)
刷牙对预防牙龈发炎没有用	否	140(76.11)
细菌可以引起龋齿	是	124(67.39)
吃糖可以导致龋齿	是	135(73.37)
氟化物对保护牙齿没有用	否	150(81.52)
口腔疾病可能影响全身	是	136(73.91)

保健观点	正性态度	正确率/n(%)
口腔健康对自己的生活很重要	同意	164(89.13)
定期口腔检查十分必要	同意	137(74.46)
牙齿的好坏是天生的，与自己的保护关系不大	不同意	149(80.98)
预防牙病首先靠自己	同意	152(82.61)

项目		n	口腔健康知识	口腔保健态度	Z/H值^a	P值^a	Z/H值^b	P值^b
出行方式	轮椅	94	6(4, 7)	4(3, 4)	0.416	0.812	0.926	0.630
	伴行	50	6(4, 7)	3.5(3, 4)
	独立步行	40	5(4.5, 7)	4(3, 4)
学历	小学及以下	14	5(4, 7)	3(3, 4)	1.401	0.705	5.299	0.150
	初中和高中	84	6(4, 7)	4(3, 4)
	大学及以上	86	5(3.5, 7)	3.5(2.5, 4)
刷牙习惯	好	103	6(4, 7)	4(3, 4)	-0.227	0.820	-0.250	0.802
刷牙习惯	差	81	5(4, 7)	4(3, 4)
刷牙方式	自己刷	130	6(4， 7）	4(3, 4)	0.436	0.804	2.276	0.320
	别人帮助	36	5(4, 7)	3.5(2, 4)
	护士口腔护理	18	5.5(3.5, 7)	3.5(1.5, 4)
一年内就诊	是	59	6(4, 7)	4(3, 4)	-0.590	0.555	-0.284	0.777
一年内就诊	否	125	5(4, 7)	4(3, 4)
一年内洗牙	是	30	6(4, 7)	4(3, 4)	-0.546	0.585	-0.142	0.887
一年内洗牙	否	154	6(4, 7)	4(3, 4)
口腔状态评价	好	29	6(5, 7)	4(3, 4)	5.770	0.056	0.516	0.773
	一般	40	5(4, 6)	4(3, 4)
	差	115	6(4, 7)	4(3, 4)