《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2024, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (12): 1365-1375.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2024.12.001

• 专题 康复政策和康复教育研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

残疾数据政策、标准体系与数据应用研究

杨亚茹1,2,3, 邱卓英1,2(), 王忠彦1,2, 陈迪2,4, 杨剑1,2,3, 井淇2,5, 安娜6, 万甜甜1,2, 辛晓佳7, 刘晓芹1, 董原君1, 任祥霞1,6, 刘叶2,4, 田益凡2,4, 吕雪丽4   

  1. 1.康复大学社会发展学院/国际康复政策和ICF研究中心,山东青岛市 266113
    2.世界卫生组织国际分类家族中国合作中心,北京市 100068
    3.华东师范大学体育与健康学院,上海市 200241
    4.中国康复科学所康复信息研究部,北京市 100068
    5.山东第二医科大学,山东潍坊市 261053
    6.康复大学公共教学部、青岛市健康科技与产业政策研究基地,山东青岛市 266113
    7.康复大学山东省人口健康公共政策软科学研究基地,山东青岛市 266113
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-27 出版日期:2024-12-25 发布日期:2024-12-30
  • 通讯作者: 邱卓英(1962-),男,汉族,湖北武汉市人,博士,研究员、教授、世界卫生组织中国合作中心联席主任,主要研究方向:ICF、康复心理学、残疾与康复政策、康复科学。E-mail: qiutiger@hotmail.com E-mail:qiutiger@hotmail.com
  • 作者简介:杨亚茹(1997-),女,汉族,北京市人,博士研究生,世界卫生组织国际分类家族中国合作中心成员,中国心理学会康复心理学专委会委员,主要研究方向:ICF、康复心理学、特殊教育、康复科学、健康心理学、锻炼心理学、残疾研究。
  • 基金资助:
    1.中国残联课题(24&BZ001);2. 山东省重点研发计划(软科学)项目(2023RZA01011);山东省重点研发计划(软科学)项目(2023RZB01013)

Research on policy framework, standards system and application of disability data

YANG Yaru1,2,3, QIU Zhuoying1,2(), WANG Zhongyan1,2, CHEN Di2,4, YANG Jian1,2,3, JING Qi2,5, AN Na6, WAN Tiantian1,2, XIN Xiaojia7, LIU Xiaoqin1, DONG Yuanjun1, REN Xiangxia1,6, LIU Ye2,4, TIAN Yifan2,4, LÜ Xueli4   

  1. 1. School of Social Development, International Center for Rehabilitation Policy and ICF Research, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266113, China
    2. WHO-FIC Collaborating Center in China, Beijing 100068, China
    3. College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
    4. Rehabilitation Information Research Department, China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing 100068, China
    5. Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China
    6. Public Education Department, Qingdao Health Technology and Industrial Policy Research Base, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266113, China
    7. Shandong Province Population Health and Public Policy Soft Science Base, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266113, China
  • Received:2024-11-27 Published:2024-12-25 Online:2024-12-30
  • Contact: QIU Zhuoying E-mail:qiutiger@hotmail.com
  • Supported by:
    China Disabled Persons' Federation Project(24&BZ001);Shandong Key Research and Development Plan (Soft Science)(2023RZA01011);Shandong Key Research and Development Plan (Soft Science)(2023RZB01013)

摘要:

目的 系统分析国际残疾数据政策和标准,以及残疾数据在政策制定、服务优化和社会包容性发展中的应用;明确国际残疾数据政策、标准体系以及残疾数据应用对发展残疾相关服务的重要性。

方法 通过政策内容分析和数据标准体系的研究,探讨联合国(包括联合国统计司和联合国儿童基金会)、世界卫生组织、联合国教科文组织和国际劳工组织等国际组织的残疾数据政策架构、标准体系以及数据互操作性和融合的技术路径。

结果 国际组织根据各自职责建立了残疾数据的政策架构,涉及数据与服务发展、数据标准、数据治理和数据应用等内容。国际社会建立了残疾数据标准体系,用于残疾数据的采集、编码、交换、互操作以及数据统计分析和数据融合与应用等领域。构建基于《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》《国际疾病分类第十一次修订本》等国际健康分类标准架构的标准化残疾数据标准体系,能够确保跨国的残疾数据政策一致性和残疾数据的互操作性和可比较性,进而推动建立基于数据驱动的残疾相关服务的发展,精确识别残疾人的服务需求,并优化服务供给,从而提高残疾人生活质量和社会参与度。

结论 国际残疾数据政策和数据标准的构建与实施推动了残疾数据标准化、互操作性,随着大数据、人工智能以及区块链等技术在残疾数据中的应用,促进了在残疾数据领域的国际合作和跨行业数据融合,进一步推进了数据驱动的残疾服务的发展,确保残疾人平等享有服务资源的机会,提升了残疾服务的覆盖率和服务质量。

关键词: 残疾数据政策, 残疾数据标准体系, 数据驱动残疾服务

Abstract:

Objective To systematically analyze international disability data policies and standards, as well as the application of disability data in policymaking, service optimization and inclusive social development, and to clarify the importance of international disability data policies, standard systems and disability data application for the development of disability-related services.

Methods Through the analysis of policy content and research on the data standard system, this study explored the disability data policy framework, standard system and technical path of data interoperability and integration of international organizations including the United Nations (United Nations Statistics Division and United Nations Children's Fund), World Health Orgnization, United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization, and International Labour Organization.

Results International organizations established disability data policy frameworks based on their respective mandates, involving data and service development, data standards, data governance, and data application. The international community established a disability data standard system for disability data collection, coding, exchange, interoperability, statistical analysis, data fusion and application. Building a standardized disability data standard system based on the framework of international health classification standards such as International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, and International Classification of Diseases, Eleventh Revision would ensure the consistency of cross-national disability data policies, and the interoperability and comparability of disability data, promoting the development of data-driven disability-related services, accurately identifying the service needs of people with disabilities, and optimizing service provision, thereby improving the quality of life and social participation of people with disabilities.

Conclusion The construction and implementation of international disability data policies and data standards have promoted the standardization and interoperability of disability data. With the application of big data, artificial intelligence and blockchain technologies in disability data, international cooperation and cross-industry data fusion in the field of disability data have been promoted, further promoting the development of data-driven disability services, ensuring equal opportunities for people with disabilities to enjoy service resources, and improving the coverage and quality of disability services.

Key words: disability data policy, disability data standard system, data-driven disability services

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