健康服务视域下体育康复养生本科专业建设：基于ICF和RCF

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2024.12.004

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2024, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (12): 1391-1399.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2024.12.004

• 专题康复政策和康复教育研究 • 上一篇下一篇

健康服务视域下体育康复养生本科专业建设：基于ICF和RCF

杨剑¹^,², 石孝宇¹^,³(), 张园¹

1.华东师范大学体育与健康学院，上海市 200241
2.世界卫生组织国际分类家族中国合作中心，北京市 100068
3.伊犁师范大学体育与健康学院，新疆伊宁市 835000

收稿日期:2024-11-24 出版日期:2024-12-25 发布日期:2024-12-30
通讯作者: 石孝宇(1988-)，男，汉族，河南商丘市人，博士研究生，副教授，主要研究方向：体育运动心理学、康复心理学、身体活动与健康促进。E-mail： xyshi1221@126.com E-mail:xyshi1221@126.com
作者简介:杨剑(1970-)，男，汉族，江苏徐州市人，博士，教授，世界卫生组织国际分类家族中国合作中心专家委员，主要研究方向：儿童青少年体育与健康、儿童青少年健康、ICF、康复科学、健康心理学、锻炼心理学、康复心理学、残疾研究。
基金资助:
1.上海高校"立德树人"人文社科重点研究基地项目(1100-41222-16057);2.青少年体育教育研究上海市社会科学创新研究基地项目(11001-412321-17006)

Constructing undergraduate programs of exercise rehabilitation and health in the context of health services: an ICF and RCF approach

YANG Jian¹^,², SHI Xiaoyu¹^,³(), ZHANG Yuan¹

1. College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
2. WHO-FIC Col‐;laborating Center in China, Beijing 100068, China
3. College of Physical Education and Health, Yili Normal University, Yining, Xinjiang 835000, China

Received:2024-11-24 Published:2024-12-25 Online:2024-12-30
Contact: SHI Xiaoyu E-mail:xyshi1221@126.com
Supported by:
Shanghai University Key Research Base for Humanities and Social Sciences(1100-41222-16057);Shanghai Social Science Research Base for Youth Physical Education(11001-412321-17006)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的基于世界卫生组织(WHO)《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》(ICF)和康复胜任力架构(RCF)，分析体育康复养生专业人员的学科知识架构以及核心胜任力要求，明确该专业人员在健康与康复领域中所需的关键知识、技能和职业素养，从而为培养高质量康复人才提供理论依据。

方法从WHO全球健康人力资源胜任力架构出发，采用ICF和RCF的理论与方法，对体育康复养生专业人员的学科知识、技能以及5个核心胜任力领域以及信念与价值观领域进行系统分析，确定体育康复养生专业人员的胜任力内容。为体育康复养生专业建设提供理论。

结果在健康服务视域下，将体育融合健康服务连续体的预防、干预、康复和健康促进4个环节。体育康复养生专业是健康相关服务的应用学科领域，重点聚焦于预防、康复和健康促进。体育康复养生学科是一个多学科、跨行业、综合性的交叉领域，涵盖体育科学、健康科学、康复科学、公共卫生及健康管理的相关知识。ICF作为理解和描述健康、功能与残疾的科学框架，为学科体系的构建提供了重要基础。基于WHO的全球健康人力资源架构和RCF，本研究构建了体育康复养生专业人员的核心胜任力架构。根据学科知识体系和专业胜任力架构，构建体育康复养生专业的培养目标体系。总体目标是在大健康服务架构下，培养掌握现代健康服务知识与技能，具备从事体育与健康服务能力和职业素养的复合型人才。能够在多学科团队工作模式下，为各类人群提供多样性和高质量的体育与健康服务。不仅如此，还具备职业发展潜能，通过升学或者继续教育等形式，提升专业实践能力以及学习和研究能力。

结论体育康复养生专业的设立因应体育与健康服务业发展需求，培养复合型人才。从学科发展看，该学科是体育科学、健康科学、康复科学以及健康管理等学科领域交叉融合的结果。本研究基于ICF的理论架构，构建了以功能为基础的体育康复养生学科体系，整合了体育科学、康复科学、健康科学和健康促进学科的多学科融合成果。基于RCF构建了体育康复养生专业人员的核心胜任力架构，为发展体育康复养生专业教育提供了胜任力标准。

关键词: 体育康复养生, 专业建设, 适应性体育

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the disciplinary knowledge structure and core competency requirements of exercise rehabilitation and health professionals, based on the World Health Organization (WHO) International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) and the rehabilitation competency framework (RCF), and to identify the key knowledge, skills, and professional qualities required by professionals in the field of health and rehabilitation, thus providing theoretical foundations for the cultivation of high-quality rehabilitation talent.

Methods Based on the WHO Global Competency Framework for Universal Health Coverage, this study adopted the theories and methods of ICF and RCF to systematically analyze the disciplinary knowledge, skills, five core competency domains, and beliefs and values of exercise rehabilitation and health professionals. This analysis identified the competency framework and content required for these professionals, and provided theoretical support for the development of exercise rehabilitation and health educational programs.

Results From the perspective of health services, this study integrated sports into the four aspects of the health service continuum: prevention, intervention, rehabilitation and health promotion. Exercise rehabilitation and wellness was an applied discipline related to health services, with a focus on prevention, rehabilitation and health promotion. It was a multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary and comprehensive field that encompassed knowledge related to physical education and sports sciences, health sciences, rehabilitation sciences, public health, and health management. The ICF, as a scientific framework for understanding and describing health, functioning and disability, provided an important foundation for the construction of this disciplinary system. Based on the WHO global competency framework and RCF, this study constructed a core competency framework for exercise rehabilitation and health professionals. According to the disciplinary knowledge system and professional competency framework, this study established an educational objective system for undergraduate education program of exercise rehabilitation and health. The overall objective was to cultivate, within the framework of comprehensive health service model, interdisciplinary practitioners who possessed health service knowledge and skills, and were equipped with the competence and professional qualities to engage in physical education, sports and health services. Graduates would be able to provide diverse and high-quality physical education, sports and health services to various populations in a multidisciplinary team. Furthermore, they would possess the potential for professional development and be able to enhance their professional practice, learning and research abilities through further education or continuing education.

Conclusion The establishment of the exercise rehabilitation and health major is a response to the growing demand for interdisciplinary professionals in the sports and health service industry. From the perspective of disciplinary development, this field is a result of the interdisciplinary integration of sports science, health science, rehabilitation science, and health management. Based on the conceptual framework of the ICF, this study has constructed a functioning-based exercise rehabilitation and health disciplinary system, integrating the multidisciplinary achievements of physical education and sports sciences, rehabilitation sciences, health sciences, and health promotion. Based on RCF, it has established a core competency framework for exercise rehabilitation and health professionals, providing competency standards for the development of education program of exercise rehabilitation and health.

Key words: exercise rehabilitation and health, professional construction, adaptive sports

中图分类号:

R49-4

杨剑, 石孝宇, 张园. 健康服务视域下体育康复养生本科专业建设：基于ICF和RCF[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2024, 30(12): 1391-1399.

YANG Jian, SHI Xiaoyu, ZHANG Yuan. Constructing undergraduate programs of exercise rehabilitation and health in the context of health services: an ICF and RCF approach[J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2024, 30(12): 1391-1399.

图/表 1

表1

体育康复养生专业人才的知识体系和胜任力架构分析"

培养目标领域	主要内容	核心胜任力内容	学科知识核心内容
实践能力	具备扎实的康复知识、技能和实际操作能力	掌握生理学、解剖学、康复评估、健康与康复心理学、营养学、物理治疗学、健康管理等学科知识，能够运用现代康复科技(如可穿戴设备、虚拟现实、远程康复等)提供个性化的康复服务，评估并满足患者在实际情境中的需求	生理学、解剖学、康复科学概论、ICF理论与方法、健康与康复心理学、营养与健康、公共卫生学等课程，强调通过课程、实习和实践训练，提升实践能力
专业精神	高水平职业伦理和职业素养	尊重患者的权利与隐私，保持同情心和人文关怀，理解患者的心理和文化需求。具备文化敏感性，能够根据不同患者的文化背景调整康复服务方式	健康和康复伦理与法律、职业素养与持续教育等课程，帮助学生理解健康康复领域的伦理和职业标准，注重文化敏感性和同理心培养
学习与发展能力	持续学习和职业发展	持续学习并不断更新知识以适应健康和康复领域的动态变化。具备评估自身知识和技能需求的能力，制定学习计划，掌握循证医学的方法并应用于康复实践中。通过学术交流和同行讨论提升专业能力，反思并改进康复服务	循证健康和康复科学的理论与实践、健康科学研究方法等课程，旨在提升学生在科学决策、文献阅读及研究应用方面的能力
管理与领导力	团队管理和领导能力	具备管理康复项目的能力，包括设定康复目标、资源分配和质量控制。能够有效协调多学科团队合作，确保各领域专家共同提供健康和康复服务。具备良好沟通能力，与患者及其家庭进行有效交流	健康与康复团队合作与沟通、公共卫生与健康管理等课程，教授学生在健康和康复项目中的管理技巧、团队领导和协调的具体策略
研究能力	体育与康复相关研究的设计和应用	具备设计健康和康复研究、数据收集与分析、结果解释及应用的能力。能够基于最新科研成果优化康复策略，评估健康和康复干预效果，并通过学术论文和项目研究推动健康和康复领域发展	研究设计与数据分析、健康和康复科学的应用研究等课程，培养学生的科研素养，使其能够在日常实践中应用科研成果改进健康和康复服务
信念与价值观	体育与康复促进的核心理念	树立健康优先、整体健康与康复和主动健康的理念，强调服务对象在体育健康和康复过程中的主体地位。专业人员应尊重个体差异，促进健康公平，倡导健康的生活方式，通过康复过程赋能服务对象，提高其自主生活和社会参与的能力	健康教育与健康促进、社会心理学、健康管理与政策等课程，帮助学生形成正确的职业信念与价值观，致力于健康公平和以服务对象为中心的体育与健康和康复服务

表1

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健康服务视域下体育康复养生本科专业建设：基于ICF和RCF

Constructing undergraduate programs of exercise rehabilitation and health in the context of health services: an ICF and RCF approach

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