孤独症谱系障碍儿童隐喻理解能力与心理推测能力的联系

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2025.04.014

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2025, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4): 484-489.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2025.04.014

孤独症谱系障碍儿童隐喻理解能力与心理推测能力的联系

李凡, 林珂瑜, 肖永涛()

浙江中医药大学医学技术与信息工程学院，浙江杭州市 310053

收稿日期:2025-02-17 修回日期:2025-03-14 出版日期:2025-04-25 发布日期:2025-04-25
通讯作者: 肖永涛(1981-)，男，博士，副教授，主要研究方向：言语语言康复。E-mail: 879039042@qq.com
作者简介:李凡(2001-)，女，汉族，浙江绍兴市人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向：儿童语言康复。
基金资助:
1.国家级一流本科专业建设项目(教高厅函[2019]16号);2.省级大学生创新创业项目(S202410344037)

Relationship between metaphor comprehension and theory of mind in children with autism spectrum disorder

LI Fan, LIN Keyu, XIAO Yongtao()

School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China

Received:2025-02-17 Revised:2025-03-14 Published:2025-04-25 Online:2025-04-25
Contact: XIAO Yongtao, E-mail: 879039042@qq.com
Supported by:
National First-class Undergraduate Major Construction Project(教高厅函[2019]16号);Provincial Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project(S202410344037)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨学龄孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童隐喻理解能力与心理推测能力之间的关系。
方法选取2023年8月至2024年11月就读于杭州市多所特殊教育机构的6~10岁ASD儿童50例(ASD组)，以及年龄、性别匹配的典型发育(TD)儿童50例(TD组)，采用视觉图片范式测试隐喻理解能力(含概念、外形、外貌和混合隐喻)，采用意外内容和意外地点任务测试心理推测能力。
结果 ASD组隐喻理解总分显著低于TD组(Z = -5.625, P < 0.001)，主要表现在外形、外貌和混合隐喻中(|Z| > 5.625, P < 0.01)；心理推测能力显著低于TD组(|Z| > 5.255, P < 0.001)。相关性分析显示，隐喻理解总分(r = 0.352, P < 0.05)、外形隐喻分(r = 0.299, P < 0.05)和混合隐喻分(r = 0.330, P < 0.05)与心理推测能力总分正相关；线性回归分析显示，心理推测能力总分可正向预测隐喻总分(β = 0.310, P < 0.05)、外形隐喻分(β = 0.103, P < 0.05)和混合隐喻分(β = 0.330, P < 0.05)。
结论 ASD儿童隐喻理解能力发育落后，可能与心理推测能力缺陷相关。

关键词: 孤独症谱系障碍, 隐喻理解, 心理推测能力, 语言康复

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the relationship between metaphor comprehension and theory of mind in school-aged children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
Methods A total of 50 children with ASD (ASD group) and 50 age- and gender-matched typically developing (TD) children (TD group) were recruited from special education institutions in Hangzhou between August, 2023 and November, 2024. Metaphor comprehension was assessed using a visual picture paradigm, covering conceptual, shape, appearance and mixed metaphors. The theory of mind was assessed using unexpected content/place tasks.
Results The total score of metaphor comprehension was lower in ASD group than in TD group (Z = -5.625, P < 0.001), particularly for shape, appearance and mixed metaphors (|Z| > 5.625, P < 0.01); as well as the scores of theory of mind (|Z| > 5.255, P < 0.001). There was positive correlation between the total score of theory of mind and total score (r = 0.352, P < 0.05), shape score (r = 0.299, P < 0.05) and mixed score (r = 0.330, P < 0.05) of metaphor comprehension. Regression analyses showed that the total score of theory of mind positively predicted total score (β = 0.310, P < 0.05), shape score (β = 0.103, P < 0.05) and mixed score (β = 0.330, P < 0.05) of metaphor comprehension.
Conclusion Children with ASD delayed in metaphor comprehension, which associates with deficits in theory of mind.

Key words: autism spectrum disorder, metaphor comprehension, theory of mind, language rehabilitation

中图分类号:

R749.94

李凡, 林珂瑜, 肖永涛. 孤独症谱系障碍儿童隐喻理解能力与心理推测能力的联系[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2025, 31(4): 484-489.

LI Fan, LIN Keyu, XIAO Yongtao. Relationship between metaphor comprehension and theory of mind in children with autism spectrum disorder[J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2025, 31(4): 484-489.

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组别	n	性别(男/女)/n	年龄/岁	Peabody图片词汇测验分	Raven标准推理测验等级
TD组	50	34/16	7.34±1.11
ASD组	50	41/9	7.56±1.37	73.7±18.85	3 (0.00)
χ²/t值		2.641	0.868
P值		0.104	0.387

组别	n	总分	概念隐喻	外形隐喻	外貌隐喻	混合隐喻
TD组	50	23.50 (6.00)	5.00 (2.00)	8.00 (0.00)	4.50 (2.00)	6.00 (2.00)
ASD组	50	15.00 (13.00)	4.00 (3.25)	6.00 (3.00)	4.00 (2.00)	4.00 (2.00)
Z值		-5.625	-1.398	-6.748	-2.945	-4.608
P值		< 0.001	0.162	< 0.001	0.003	< 0.001

组别	n	总分	意外地点任务	意外内容任务
TD组	50	8.00 (2.00)	4.00 (0.00)	4.00 (0.25)
ASD组	50	2.00 (4.25)	0.00 (2.00)	2.00 (4.00)
Z值		-7.048	-7.147	-5.255
P值		< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001

隐喻测试	r值	P值
总分	0.352	0.013
概念隐喻	0.125	0.391
外形隐喻	0.299	0.037
外貌隐喻	0.125	0.391
混合隐喻	0.330	0.021

因变量	B值	β值	t值	P值	F值	R值	R²值
隐喻总分	0.588	0.310	2.439	0.019	7.819	0.500	0.250
外形隐喻分	0.212	0.103	2.068	0.044	4.508	0.401	0.161
混合隐喻分	0.282	0.330	2.419	0.019	5.854	0.330	0.109

孤独症谱系障碍儿童隐喻理解能力与心理推测能力的联系

Relationship between metaphor comprehension and theory of mind in children with autism spectrum disorder

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